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Anja, Julia and Carina Mission to Mars
Mars and Earth
Mars is the fourth planet away from the sun. Earth is the third planet from the sun. Like Earth, Mars has a day, night and years. In order to have day and night you need to have a sun and a planet that rotates. Mars has a sun and it does rotate. In fact, Mars has the same sun that earth does. Although they have the same sun and they both rotate they have different day and nights. The length of time for day and night is determined by how long it takes for the planet to rotate all the way around on its axis. (One full orbit) It takes Mars 24 hours and 34 minutes to make one full orbit on its axis. One Earth day is 24 hours. So Mars has a day that is a little bit longer than Earths day.
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Seasons on Mars
For it to be possible to have seasons you need to have a planet that revolves around the sun, and the planet needs to have axis's that are at an angle of 25 degrees. Mars does have all of these things to make it possible to have seasons. The four seasons that occur on our planet, spring, summer, fall and winter all occur on Mars.
A year on Mars
One year on Mars is 687 days (1.88 years). One year on Earth is 365 days. What determines the length of a year is how long one full orbit around the sun takes. Therefore it almost takes double the time for Mars to orbit the sun than Earth.
Mars in its orbit around sun
Mars has all of the same four seasons that we have on Earth.
Winter, summer, fall and spring.
Phases of the moon on Mars
In order to have phases of the moon is a sun, moon and the planet has to revolve around the sun. Since Mars has all of those factors it is able to have phases of the moon. The phases of the moon that we see from Earth look different on Mars. Since Mars see's them at a different angle then how we see them one Earth, the phases of the moon will be the same shape just from a different distance and positioning from Earth. But since Mars has two moons, Mars can possibly see phases of the moon twice in its orbit.
Tides on Mars
Mars has two of the factors needed to have tides on a planet, moon and a sun, but it's missing the most important one, water. From what has been discovered, there is only a frozen form of H2O on Mars. If you want to have tides work correctly you need to have a liquid form of H2O so that the moons force of gravity is actually able to move it.
Eclipses on Mars
Mars has all of the necessary factors to have eclipses. These factors are, moon, sun and the planet has to revolve. Mars sees the same eclipses that we see, solar eclipse and lunar eclipse. But Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, so therefore the eclipses can happen double the amount of times that it happens on Earth in one orbit.