Blood Project
The Cardiovascular System
What is blood??
Opaque red liquid connective tissue consisting of microscopically visible, formed by red and white cells with platelets. suspended in a fluid called plasma.
Blood
Blood is composed of 55% plasma and 45% red, white blood cells and platelets. Its function is to carry nutrients and respiratory gases. There is enough blood in the human body to fill one or two one-gallon milk jugs, blood accounts for seven percents of your body weight.
Parts of Blood
Red Blood cell
Most common type of blood cell also known as erythrocytes. The kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin which stimulates the stem cells in the marrow to produce more red blood cells. They take oxygen from the lungs and put them into body tissue. Contains hemoglobin that helps transport the gases. Oxyhemoglobin is the part in the RBC that gives it that red pigment color. Carboxyhemoglobin is a stable complex of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin that forms in red blood cells upon contact with carbon monoxide. Red blood cells are made by the red marrow in the bones.
White Blood Cell
Are the cells of the immune system, defend body against infection, also known as leukocytes. Neutrophils are the most abundant of the white blood cells ( Neutrophils: 40% to 60%) they help defend the immune system. Eosinophils are reddish orange bi-lobed white blood cells, help fight viral infections. Basophils are dark purple bi-lobed white blood cells, helps so blood doesn't clot so quickly. Lymphocytes dark purple white blood cell with a large nucleus, main killer of infection. Monocytes are the biggest of all white blood cells, they are purple with a kidney bean shaped nucleus. Macrophage take care of all the dying cells. Granulocyte vs. Aganulocyte- Granulocytes are white blood cells that have granules in their cytoplasm and is visible when stained, Aganulogytes are white blood cells that do NOT have granules in their cytoplasm.
Plasma
Pale- yellow liquid that holds the blood cells. After you cut yourself you go through the three clotting stages. 1. blood vessel constricts 2. platelets start to stick in the wound, and 3. Damaged cells in artery react with plasma to form Prothrombin Activator.
All different types of white blood cells
Platelets
Platelets are only 20% of the diameter of red blood cells. The normal platelet count is 150,000-350,000 per micro liter of blood, but because platelets are so small they only make up a tiny fraction of the blood volume. Main function- is to prevent bleeding.
Blood Clotting
Platelets in the blood work together with proteins found in the plasma, to stop the bleeding by forming a clot over the injury. Typically, your body will naturally dissolve the blood clot after the injury has healed. Sometimes, however, clots form on the inside of vessels without an obvious injury or do not dissolve naturally. These situations can be dangerous and require accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatments.
Clotting Process
Plasma Proteins
Plasma can be broken down to proteins which include Albumins which is by far the most common, along with Globulin, and Fibrinogen.
Centrifuged blood