Genetics Through the Ages
By: KellyJohn Murray
What is the study of genetics?
Genetics is the study of heredity. Heredity is a biological process where a parent passes certain genes onto their children or offspring.
Who discovered Genetics and how did he do this?
Gregor Mende discovered genetics. He studied pea plants and made two important innovations to the genetics community. *Developed pure lines*Counted his results and kept statistical notes
Dominant Allele
An allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different
Recessive Allele
An allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical
Heterozygous
Two different alleles for a trait.
Homozygous
Two identical alleles for the same trait
Genotype
The genetic constructution of an individual organism.
Phenotype
The physical attributes of an organism
Simple Punnett Square cross
*Genotype: Yy=50% yy=50%*Phenotype: Yellow pod=50% Green pod=50%
Incomplete Dominance
The phenotype of a plant is taken from both parents equally. A white and red flower combining to create a pink flower is an exelent example of incomplete dominance.
Codominance
Both alleles are expressed eqaually. An example would be spotted cows.
Multiple Alleles and their uses
Multiple alleles are an inheritence pattern. Multiple alleles are used to determine blood types. An example is Type A blood who's genotype is iAi.
Sex-linked Traits
Sex linked traits are the phenotypic expression of an allele related to the chromosomal sex of an individual. Hemophillia is an example of sex-linked traits.