Organelle
Sumi Verma
What are organelles?
Organelles are like tiny organs. They are structures with specific instructions. They're located inside the cell.
Prokaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic cells are single-celled. An example would be bacteria and archaea. These cells don't have a nucleus or a mitochondria. These can make diseases and produce insulin. First cell to evolve.
Eukaryotic Cells
A Eukaryotic Cell are cells that have a nucleus and a structure. All multi-cellular organisms are this. These cells can do anything, and you wouldn't be here without them! Made from Prokaryotic cells. Examples: Animals, plants, etc.
Body Organization
From Simplest to Complex.
Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism
So the Cells make tissues, which make an organ, which creates the organ system for an organism.
Mitochondria
The mitochondria is the organelle that produces energy. They take nutrients, break them down, and make energy, the process of cellular respiration.
Nucleus
Contains the DNA and tells the other cells what to do. Like a control center or a parent.
Nucleolus
Protects the Nucleus.
Cell Membrane
Encloses the whole cell and decides what comes in (oxygen, protein) and what goes out (Carbon Dioxide).
Cytoplasm
Maintains the internal pressure of the cell and keeps it from shrinking. The cytoplasm contains important molecules.
Ribosome
It creates the proteins the cell needs. Its attached to the Endoplasmic Membrane.
Vacuole
A storage place for water, salt, proteins, and carbs.
Gogli Body
It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from ER.
Rough ER
Creates proteins for the amino acids.
Smooth ER
Produces lipids and steroids.
Lysomes
They break down waste, detoxify poison, and use reusable parts for cells.
Cell Walls
Only found in plant cells, these uphold the shape of plants and protects them from injury.
Chloroplast
Converts the Sun's rays to energy for the cell (a process called photosynthesis.)
Plant Cells
Plant cells have all the cells that animals cells have, but more. They have a cell wall and Chloroplast, unlike animal cells. The Cell wall upholds the shape of the plant, the Chloroplast is needed for the photosynthesis process.
Animal Cells
Animal cells do not have a cell wall, so they're sort of in a random squiggly shape..
Cell Theory
Rule #1
All living things are composed of cells.
Rule #2
Every cell came from another
Rule #3
Cells are the basic unit of function and structure of living things.
Videos
An explanation of how cells were discovered and the cell theory
The wacky history of cell theory - Lauren Royal-Woods
A Tour of the Cell
Now listen to the Cell Rap! It explains the cell parts and is extremely catchy. I guarantee it'll be stuck in your head for a week and half (maybe more if you're lucky)
Cells Cells - Parts of the Cell Rap
This is by Mr. Parr, a science teacher who makes scientific parodies of the latest songs. He has some other cool stuff on his channel--you should check it out!
(I posted a link after the song :))
Organelles Song