Wound Care
How to properly care for wounds
Different Types of wounds
Abrasion
Skin scraped against rough surface
Top layer of skin wears away exposing numerous capillaries
Avulsion
Skin is torn from body = major bleeding
Place avulsed tissue in moist gauze (saline), plastic bag and immerse in cold water
Take to hospital for reattachment
Laceration
Sharp or pointed object tears tissues – results in wound with jagged edges
May also result in tissue avulsion
Incision
Wound with smooth edges
Puincture
Can easily occur during activity and can be fatal
Penetration of tissue can result in introduction of tetanus bacillus to bloodstream
Gloves!
Caring for Wounds
1.Direct pressure
◦Pressure on wound with gauze
◦Do not remove if blood comes through – add more gauze
2.Elevation
◦Elevate above heart if possible – slows bleeding
◦Continue pressure
3.Pressure points
◦apply pressure to an artery to decrease blood flow to an area
◦Brachial artery (upper arm)
◦Femoral artery (top of thigh)
Don't Forget!!
Always Wear Gloves!!
Infection
Signs of Wound Infection
- Same as those for inflammation
- Pain
- Heat
- Redness
- Swelling
- Disordered function
◦Pus may form due to accumulation of white blood cells
◦Fever may develop as immune system fights bacterial infection
Infections that start in the skin may spread to cause more serious infections
◦Tetanus: bacterial infection causing fever and convulsions
Most wound infections can be treated with antibiotics
Stitches
}When are sutures (stiches) necessary?
◦Deep lacerations, incisions and occasionally punctures
◦May be needed if the wound edges cannot be easily pushed back together
◦Decision should be made by a physician
◦Sutures should be used within 12 hours
◦Can use steri-strips if stiches are not required