Two types of theories
Activity theory and Disengagement theory
Activity theory
It supports the maintenance of regular roles and activities. As roles change, the person may find substitute activities for certain roles. The greater the activity the greater the satisfaction.
This theory was developed by Robert J. Havighurst as a response to the Disengagement theory of ageing.
Disengagement theory
For an elderly to disengage from society naturally as they begin to become aware of being closer to death is what this theory suggest. It is the withdrawal from society. It states that disengaging from society as older adults is beneficial, it is considered necessary for ageing to be successful. The reduction of social contact is desirable and natural.
It is one of the first theories of ageing that has been developed by social scientist. This theory was formulated by Cummings and Henry .