Social Area Analysis
13.3
The Census
Effective use of the models depends on the availability of data at the scale of individual neighborhoods. In the United States and many other countries, that information comes from a national census. Urban Areqs I the United States are divided into census tracts that contain approximately 5,000 residents and correspond, where possible, to neighboring boundaries,
Combining the three models
The here models taken individually do not explain why different types of people live in distinctive parts of the city. But if the models are combined rather than considered independently, they help geographers explain where different types of people live in the city, such as Dallas, Texas.
Limitations of the models
Critics point out that the models are too simple and fail to consider the variety of reasons that lead people to select particular residential locations. Because the three models are all based on conditions that excited in the u.s. Cities between the two world wars, critics also question their relevance to contemporary urban patterns in the United States or in other countries.
Social Area Anylasis
The original formulation offered an almost wholly descriptive account of residential differentiation in urban Los Angeles, distinguishing its social areas in terms of three (by no means clearly constructed) indexes of social rank, degree of urbanization, and segregation.
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Social Area Anylasis
A variant of urban ecology associated with the work of Eshref Shevky and Wendell Bell and their associates (see especially E. Shevky and M. Williams, The Social Areas of Los Angeles, 1949,
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100514952