Spanish 1 and 2 Review
Nathan B, Conner A, Bailey A, Rafay A
Greetings
Hello or Hi - ¡Hola!
Good Morning - ¡Buenos días!
Good Afternoon - ¡Buenas tardes!
Good Evening or Good Night - ¡Buenas noches!
How are you (singular casual term)? - ¿Cómo estás?
How are you (singular formal term)? - ¿Cómo está?
How are you (plural) : ¿Como están?
Fine, thanks - Bien, gracias.
So, So - Más o menos
And you - ¿Y usted?
I'm sorry. - Lo siento
Good-bye- Adiós
See you later! - ¡Hasta luego!
I'll be seeing you... - Nos vemos
See you tomorrow - Hasta mañana
Please - Por favor
Thanks very much - Muchas gracias
You're welcome - De nada
Nice to meet you - Encantado
Bless you - ¡Salud!
Months, Days, Seasons
Days:
Domingo- Sunday
Lunes- Monday
Martes- Tuesday
Mircoles- Wednesday
Jueves- Thursday
viernes- Friday
sabado- Saturday
Months:
enero- January
febrero- Febuary
marzo- March
abril- April
mayo- May
junio- June
julio- July
agosto- August
septiembre- September
octobre- October
noviembre- November
diciembre- December
Seasons:
la primavera- spring
el verano- summer
el otoño- autumn
el invierno- winter
Telling time
When telling time the verb ser is used to express the time of day. Use es when referring to "one o'clock" and use son when referring to all other hours.
Ex: Es la una.
It's one o'clock.
Son las dos.
It's two o'clock.
Minutes can be added to the hour using the word y
Es la una y cinco.
It's five minutes past one.
Son las tres y doce.
It's twelve minutes past three.
Minutes can be subtracted from the hour using the word menos. Ex:
Es la una menos cinco.
It's five minutes till one.
Son las tres menos doce.
It's twelve minutes till three.
You can also use the words media (half) and cuarto (quarter). Ex:
Es la una y media.
It's half past one.
Son las dos y cuarto.
It's quarter past two.
Son las tres menos cuarto.
It's quarter till three.
Classroom vocab
bathroom: el baño
entrance: la entrada
room: el cuarto
ceiling: el techo
door: la puerta
electrical socket: el enchufe
floor: el suelo
lamp: la lámpara
light: la luz
mirror: el espejo
roof: el tejado
sink: el fregadero
stairs: la escalera, las escaleras
wall: la pared
window: la ventana
chair: la silla
drawers: la cómoda
couch, sofa: el sofá,
vacuum cleaner: la aspiradora
extra curricular activities
Club de espanol- Spanish club
Club de teatro- Theatre club
Club de arte- Art club
Anuario- Yearbook
Consejo estudiantil- Student council
Banda- Band
Coro- Choir
Orquesta- Orchestra
Fútbol americano- Football
Voleí bol- Volleyball
Animadora- Cheerleading
Equipo de baile- Dance team
Equipo de natación- Swim team
Basquetbol- Basketball
Béisbol- Baseball
Tenis- Tennis
Fútbol- Soccer
Dates
To say the date you need to include the day, month and the year.
Today's date would be: hoy es lunes, el 9 de septiembre
The order is day, number day, then year.
Today is: hoy es
Tomorrow is: Mañana es
Today is Monday, December 9: hoy es lunes, el 9 de diciembre
Numbers
First you learn 1-20
1-uno
2-dos
3-tres
4-cuatro
5-cinco
6-seis
7-siete
8-ocho
9-nueve
10-diez
11-once
12-doce
13-trece
14-catorce
15-quince
16-dieciseis
17-diecisiete
18-dieciocho
19-diecinueve
20-veinte
For numbers between 20-29 you add veinte y (number)
Ex.veinte y tres
For 30-39 you say treinta y (number)
For 40-49 you say cuarenta y (number)
For 50-59 you say cincuenta y (number)
For 60-69 you say sesenta y (number)
For 70-79 you say setenta y (number)
For 80-89 you say ochenta y (number)
For 90-99 your say noventa y (number)
100-cien
For multiple hundreds you write the number and add cientos after
Ex
300- trescientos
Then you just add the next two digits after a space
Ex
321-trescientos veinte y uno
673-seiscientos setenta y tres
For thousands you say (first digit) mil
You always say mil after the first digit
1000-mil
2000-dos mil
3000-tres mil
Etc...
Then you just add on the rest of the digits just like before.
Grammar
Present tence:
ar: o, a, as, amos, ais, an
ir: o, e, es, imos, is, en
er: o, e, es, emos, eis, en
3. ESTAR : to be
Yo: estoy Nosotros: estamos
Tú: estás Vosotros: estáis
Ella: está Ellos: están
4. IR : to go
Yo: voy Nosotros: vamos
Tú: vas Vosotros: vais
Ella: va Ellos: van
8. SER : to be
Yo: soy Nosotros: somos
Tú: eres Vosotros: sois
Ella: es Ellos: son
4. Dar: to give
Yo: di Nosotros: dimos
Tú: dios Vosotros: disteis
Ella: dio Ellos: dieron
4. Ver : to see
Yo: vi Nosotros: vimos
Tú: viste Vosotros: visteis
Ella: vio Ellos: vieron
refllexive verbs:
To say people do something for themselves, you use reflexive verbs. You know that a verb is reflexive if it's infinitive form ends in "se" like "lavarse".
Example: ( I wash my hair ) me lavo el pero
( they dress them self ) ellos se visten
yo: me
tu: te
el: se
nostotros: nos
vosotros: os
ellos: se
watch out because some might not be reflexive like
Lavo el coche a menudo ( wash the car by hand)
3 verbs: Gustar, Saber, Conocer
Gustar ( when saying you like something or someone else likes something)
saber and conocer ( when saying that you know something or someoone else knows something)
examples gustar:
ex1: Me gusto ir la playa con mi familia.
ex2: Mi mama le gusta cocinar tacos
Saber and Conocer
To say that one is or not with a person, a place, or an object, use conocer.
Yo no conozco a María.
I don't know (am not with) Maria.
Alberto y Alfredo conocen Madrid.
Alberto and Alfredo know (are with) Madrid.
To express knowledge of a fact or information about something, use saber.
Juan sabe donde está María.
Juan knows where Maria is.
Yo no sé tu número de teléfono.
I don't know your telephone number.
DOPS
The direct object answers the question "what?" or "whom?" with regard to what the subject of the sentence is doing.
me (me)
te (you)
lo, la (him, her)
nos (we)
os (ya'll)
los, las (them)
Tengo = I have
Tengo la pluma. = I have the pen.
La tengo. = I have it.
IOPS
The indirect object answers the question "To whom?" or "For whom?" the action of the verb is performed.
Juan me compra un regalo.
John for me he buys a gift.
Adjetives
When you have an adjective it always follows the noun if you are describing something.
The correct form of the adjective depends upon the noun it modifies. Is the noun masculine or feminine? Singular or plural?
Such as saying:
Maria has a black car
María tenía un carro de negro.
libro rojo
red book
pluma roja
red pen
libros rojos
red books
plumas rojas
red pens
Affermitive and Negative Words
alguno- someone
nada- nothing
nunca- never
siempre- always
tambien- also
nadie- no one nobody
algun- some
ningún- no
algo- something
tampoco- neither
alguien- someone, somebody
Comparisons
más (menos) + adjective + que
más (menos) + adverb + que
más (menos) + noun + que
Tú eres más alto que yo.
You are taller than I.
Mónica habla más rápido que Carmen.
Monica speaks more faster than Carmen.
Tengo menos libros que Arsenio.
I have fewer books than Arsenio.
Demostritive Adjetives
Spanish has three words where English only has two. In English, say "this" or "that". In Spanish, "this" and "that," but there is another, "that one over there." This form is used when the object is far away.
este libro (this book)
estos libros (these books)
esta pluma (this pen)
estas plumas (these pens)
ese libro (that book)
esos libros (those books)
esa pluma (that pen)
esas plumas (those pens)
aquel libro (that book over there)
aquellos libros (those books over there)
aquella pluma (that pen over there)
aquellas plumas (those pens over there)
Stem changers
Sites: Thank you
Google.com/images