Homeostasis and Blood
By Maddie Walsh
Blood Characteristics
- 55% plasma
- 45% red blood cells
- 1% white blood cells
- 1% platelets
- 12 pints for men/ 9 pints of women
- red bone marrow actively produces blood cells and erythropoietin controls the production. It is a hormone that is produced by the kidney.
Plasma
- the liquid form of blood
- a protein- salt solution where the red and white blood cells and platelets
- 92% water
- plasma suspends red, white blood cells, and platelets
- it keeps the cell contact in and the foreign material out
- plasma is used for research and that is why you get paid for plasma donations
- how it is donated?
- Complete a Donor History Questionnaire.
- you will be taken to the donation area and seated in a comfortable seating bed.
- prepare your arm with antiseptic, insert the needle and begin the donation process.
- Blood will be drawn, plasma will be separated from your blood and red blood cells will be returned to your body through a process called plasmapheresis.
- plasmapheresis is where the plasma and blood is separated and then the blood is put back into your body
Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)
- small, red, biconcave
- red blood cells have hemoglobin that carry oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body
- determining how much red blood cells there are in your body (percentage)
- Pricking your finger
- Getting the blood sample
- Putting it in a tube
- Spinning the tube to separate the red, white blood cells, and plasma
- Hemoglobin- protein in blood to help carry oxygen
- Hemoglobin Test- how much hemoglobin is in your blood
- Anemia- where there isn't enough healthy red blood cells in the body
- Iron deficiency- too little iron in the body -> Iron injection
- Hemolytic- red blood cells are destroyed -> removal of spleen
- Hemorrhagic- reduced oxygen to organs -> cell transplant
- Sickle Cell- breaking down of blood cells -> Folic Acid
- Pernicious- decrease in blood cells with little vitamin B-12 -> blood transfusion
- Polycythemia- red blood cell percentage increases caused by tumors and can be treated by nothing.
- Blood Donating-
- cleanse area on arm
- insert a needle in vein
- takes pint of blood from body
- can last 8-10 minutes
- every 8 weeks
- blood lasts 120 days
Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)
- cells of the immune system
- protects the body against infection and foreign invaders
- Five types of WBC
- neutrophils- defend against bacterial infection
- basophils- allergic response
- eosinophils- parasite infection
- lymphocytes- in lymphatic system
- monocytes- vacuum cleaner
- macrophages- eats foreign material
- Conditions
- Leukopenia- decreased number of white blood cells
- Leukemia- cancer of blood forming tissues
- Mononucleosis- kissing disease, fatigue
- Multiple Myeloma- cancer of plasma cells
Thrombocytes (Platelets)
- small, no nucleus
- prevent bleeding
- the endocrine system keeps keep internal balance by releasing hormones and the hormone is controlled by negative feedback.
- Hemophilia- blood doesn't clot normally -> IV fluids
- Blood Thinners-
- Warfarin- helps to prevent new blood clots from forming
- Heparin- prevents clots after/ during surgery
- Asprin- treats pain