Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis
By: Barbara Landeros
What is energy?
- Light
- Heat
- Potential
- Chemical
Where does cellular energy come from?
What is something that cellular respiration does?
How is ATP important?
Energy is released when ATP is converted into ADP.
ATP Synthesis
The Reactions of Cellular Respiration
The primary energy molecule is glucose.
The Process of Cellular Respiration converts the energy in glucose into ATP for use by the cell.
The Reactions of Cellular Respiration
- All at once=energy wasted as heat
- Occurs in several steps
Glycolysis
End product is pyruvate.
- Glucose is oxidized to pyruvate.
- ADP and NADH are generated.
2 major phases:
- Energy investment: 2 ATP
- Energy payoff: 4 ATP and 2 NADH
Intermediate Reactions
Co2 is released
NAD+ is reduced to NADH
The Krebs Cycle
Acetyl CoA combines with Oxaloacetate to produce Citrate.
The Krebs Cycle is also called the Citric Acid Cycle.
A series of Oxidation and reductio reactions generate 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 per pyruvate.
CO2 is released as a by-product.
Oxaloacetate is regenerated to begin the cycle again.
The Electron Transport System
NADH and FADH2 are oxidized and pass electrons to carriers.
As electrons move down ETS, energy is released to pump H+
from matrix to inter membrane space. A concentration gradient is established.
The electrons combine with O2 to produce water.
H+ diffuse through ATP synthetase, producing ATP.
Process is called oxidative, phosphorylation.
Produces 32-34 ATP.
Photosynthesis
What is photosynthesis?
- Takes place in plant's leaves
- Series of reactions in plant cells
- Conversion of light energy
- Provides chemical energy
- Base of almost all food chains
Overal Reaction
- CO2+ H2O---->Sugar+O2
- Chlorophyll and sunlight must be present
- Takes place in a series of 2 reactions
- Light Reaction= First
- Calvin Cycle= Second
Light Reaction
- Depend upon presence of sunlight
- Takes place in chloroplasts
- Transfers electrons in four reactions
- Overall reaction:
H2O------> O2+ATP+NADPH
Light Reaction (CONTINUED)
- Oxygen
- Chemical energy to fuel Calvin Cycle
ATP
NADPH
Calvin Cycle
- Takes place in chloroplasts
- Formerly "Dark Reaction"
- Requires products of light reaction
- Produces usable energy in series of reactions
Sugar
Review of Photosynthesis
- Takes place in plant's leaves
- Happens chloroplasts in plant cell
- Photosynthesis converts photons to sugar
Light reaction
Dark reaction