IPS Study Guide
4.9- Acidification Lab
Chapter 4, Section 9
Carbonic acid-> dissolved CO2
Sulfur Dioxide -> Acid Rain
- volcanoes
- industrial pollution
- acid rain kills forests, pollutes water, rivers, lakes, ponds etc.
Limestone -> porous, soft, sedimentary, holds a lot of water
aquifer-> water underneath land and also has limestone
BQ's p.91 (32-25)
32) Denver, CO; at the base of the Rocky Mountains
33) 2.5x10^-3/100=M/2000cm^3
.0025/100=M/2000
100M/100=5/5
M=.05/day 18.25/year
34) There is always a low level of toxic subs in public water; there would be no water if law was passed
35) Desert was once ocean; no rain to wash away/dissolve solids at surface
Limestone/Sinkholes
-FL sinkholes occur because...
-Lots of limestone
-Water underground (aquifer)
-Once covered with ocean-> soft calcium deposits (dead animals)
Two Gasses Lab
-CO2 down (dense gas sinks)
-Upright: filled with CO2, gas cannot escape, goes down
-Inverted: filled with air, gas escapes, goes down
-Magnesium and Acid:
-Hydrogen (H) goes up, light gas (rise)
-Upright: gas escapes, filled with air, goes up
-Inverted: gas cannot escape, filled with Hydrogen, goes up
-"Pop"
-Gas is ignited and rushes out of test tube; rubs against glass, causes friction (sound)
-Inverted: flammable gas escaping, goes down
Experimental Errors:
-Not waiting 30 sec.
-Unstopper before inverting
-Break surface water with test tube
-Do not collect full test tube of gas
-Air bubble in test tube
-Stoppers not tight
Not keeping test tubes vertical
*A lab group collects 400cm^3 of each gas. What would be the mass of each mass collected? Answer in decimal and scientific notation
-0.000089=M/400
0.0356; 2.6x10^2
-0.0018=M/400
M=0.72; 7.2x10^-1
Sulfuric Acid
-Uses: 1)Lead Acid batteries (cars) 2)fertilizers 3)Steel industry-> prevent rust corrosion 4)Dried fruit production (hydrotropic)
FRAE p.92 36-45 (omit 44)
Acidification of Water Lab
-ph indicator
-red: basic
-clear: acidic
Post Lab Notes:
-phenol red changes color as you add CO2 into water
-the CO2 turns to carbonic acid lowering the ph of the water
-Calcium tablet was more soluble in cup with straw
-because the carbonic acid lowers ph and dissolves calcium faster
Errors:
-not enough phenol red
-does not bubble water long enough
-2 cups do not have same amount of water
-lose water when using straw
-put CO2 into both cups
Ocean Acidification
-about 25% drop in ph
-normal ocean ph: 8.0-8.4
-lower ph will cause shelled animals (shrimp, mollusks, etc.) to not be able to build a shell