Protein Synthesis
Central Dogma of Biology
Central dogma is the main thesis of molecular inheritance.
- Replication - DNA replicates its information
- Transcription - DNA codes for the production of messenger RNA (mRNA)
- Post-transcriptional modification - mRNA is processed and migrates from the nucleus to cytoplasm
- Translation - mRNA carries coded information to ribosomes and this information is read and used for protein synthesis.
Significance of Protein Synthesis
- Enzymes - speed up the rate of chemical reactions in our body
- Antibodies - defend our body from antigens, which are foreign invaders.
- Contractile proteins - responsible for movement, such as muscle contraction
- Hormonal proteins - help to coordinate certain activities in our body (eg. insulin regulates our blood glucose level)
- Structural proteins - fibrous and provide support (eg. collagens provide support for connective tissues)
- Storage proteins - stores amino acids
- Transport proteins - carrier proteins, which move molecules from one place to another around the body (eg. haemoglobin transports oxygen through the blood)