Extra info about oceans
(THAT YOU NEED TO KNOW TO JOIN)
Everything that you need to know... From Topography, Mid Ocean Ridges, Oceans, Salinity, Ocean Life, Zones, Exploration, and Temprature and Pressure to other random facts!!!
- Topography are the features on the ocean floor.
- The ocean floor's topography are plateaus, basins, abyssal plains, mid-ocean ridges, continental shelves, continental slopes, and trenches; it is not all flat.
- A Mid-Ocean Ridge is a mountain range on the floor of the ocean.
- The Mid Atlantic Ridge is a mid ocean ridge that is located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean and it is part of the longest underwater mountain range in the world.
- The mid ocean ridges are formed by the uplifting of the ocean floor.
- The Pacific Coast is part of Asia, Australia, Indonesia, South America, and North America.
- Oceans are different than other large bodies of water because they are much bigger and have salt in them.
- Historically, there are 4 named oceans: The Pacific Southern, the Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. The Southern is located circling the South Pole. The Arctic is circling the North Pole. The Indian is southern of Asia, west of Africa, and east of Australia.
- The composition of the ocean floor is chloride, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, calcium, and sodium.
- Salinity is the measure of the amount of dissolved solids in a given amount of liquid.
- Things that can change the salinity of the ocean are heat, climate, inflow of fresh water, and water movement.
- A species is a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
- Some species in the oceans are sea turtles, exotic fish, seahorses, jellyfish, sea lions, angelfish, beluga whales, blue whales, and an endless list of more!
- Fang tooth also known as ogre fish, are creatures that look like they have just swam out of a horror movie! Though they may seem like big monsters, it turns they only get up to be 6 inches long. These freaky fish are known for their humongous long teeth that are unbelievably sharp! These creatures are seen in the murky depths of the oceans that go between 600-6,500 feet deep. Last but not least, Fang tooth are fish with very poor eyesight so scientists believe that they hunt by bumping into something edible in the dark waters. Fang tooth are very interesting creatures.
- The different species of ocean life are nekton, plankton, and benthos.
- The types of ocean life are different because of where they live and how they move. They are similar because they all live in the ocean and most live in many of the same ways.
- There is no light at the bottom of the ocean floor. The reason it is dark at the bottom of the ocean is because most of the light from the sun doesn’t go any further than the neritic zone. It only reaches the surface of the oceanic zone.
- The zones that exist in the oceans are the intertidal, sublittoral, bathyal, abyssal, hadal, neritic, and oceanic.
- Intertidal: This zone is 16-33 feet deep, crabs barnacles, seaweed, mussels, sea urchins, snails, starfish, and algae live there, sunlight is full on over there, the temperature ranges from the moderate temperature of the water to air temperatures that vary from below freezing to scorching, and lastly the salinity is much higher in the intertidal zone because salt water trapped in rock pools evaporates leaving behind salt deposits.
- Sublittoral: This zone extends to 656 feet, tar fish, oysters, sea urchins, crabs, and anemones are among the many animals that live in this zone, and sunlight can reach the ocean floor in this zone which means that it is not very deep, the temperature is around 39 degrees Fahrenheit. The salinity is not easy to tell in this zone.
- Bathyal: This zone extends to the depth of 3,300-13,000 feet. Many forms of nekton live in this zone, but this zone is very hard to live in. Sunlight does not reach this zone and the temperature just like the sublittoral zone is around 39 degrees Fahrenheit. Salinity in this zone ranges between 34 and 36 parts per thousand.
- Abyssal: The depth of this zone is between 13,123 to 19,685 feet deep and some animals that live there include the giant squid, black-swallower, deep-sea anglerfish, and tripod fish. There is no sunlight and 35 to 37 degrees is what the temperature ranges between. The salinity ranges narrowly between 34.6 and 35 parts per thousand.
- Hadal: The depth is 19,685 feet deep and the animals and plants down there are crayfish, crabs, lobsters, and prawns. There is no sunlight down there because it is the deepest of the deep and the temperature ranges between 33 and 35 degrees Fahrenheit. The salinity in this zone has not been identified by scientists.
- Neritic: The depth is 656 feet deep and the life forms found in this zone are Herring, mackerel, Bluefin tuna, capelin, lobster, loggerhead sea turtle and some other smaller species. There is a lot of sunlight in this zone and the average temperature is about 67 degrees Fahrenheit. Last but not least, the salinity is at a very stable range.
- Oceanic: The depth is around 656 feet deep just like the neritic zone and the life in this zone includes jellyfish, sea turtles, seals, coral, and zooplankton. The zone receives enough sunlight for the plants to do photosynthesis and the temperature is 32 to 43 degrees Fahrenheit. Also the salinity is very much like many of the other zones closer to the surface.
- Scientists use a variety of different equipment for studying the ocean floor. Sonar is a type of technology that is used to study the ocean floor. This uses sound which reaches the ocean floor, then bounces back to the ship. This helps scientists see how deep the ocean is at certain points. Underwater vessels, similar to spacecraft, can be operated by a person who is studying the floor of the ocean. Satellites may also be used to help explore even the deepest parts of the ocean.
- One type of underwater vehicle is an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) which is a robot which travels underwater without requiring input from an operator. AUVs constitute part of a larger group of undersea systems known as unmanned underwater vehicle, a classification that includes non-autonomous remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROVs) – controlled and powered from the surface by an operator/pilot via an umbilical or using remote control. In military applications AUVs are more often referred to simply as unmanned undersea vehicles (UUVs).
- The average depth of the ocean is 14,000 feet.
- Every zone has a different temperature, but the average temperature of the ocean is 62 degrees Fahrenheit.
- The pressure changes depending on the depth of the ocean by the "rule", that the deeper you go the more the pressure increases.