Performance Enhancing Drugs
Focus on Benjamin Sinclair Johnson (Ben Johnson)
Ben Johnson’s Achievements
Ben Johnson has won a total of 12 metals in many different sports tournaments.
The Olympics:
1984 Los Angeles 100m sprint, bronze.
1984 Los Angeles 4x100m relay, bronze.
1988 Seoul 100m, disqualified.
World Championships:
1987 Rome 100m sprint, disqualified.
World Indoor Championships:
1985 Paris 60m, gold
Goodwill Games:
1986 Moscow 100m, gold
Commonwealth Games:
1986 Edinburgh 100m Gold
1986 Edinburgh 4x100m relay, gold
1986 Edinburgh 200m, bronze
1982 Brisbane 100m, silver
1982 Brisbane 4x100m relay, silver
World Cup:
1985 Canberra 100m, gold
World Records:
9.83 seconds, was set in Rome 1987 World Championships, was taken away after his failed drug test in 1988 Seoul Olympics.
9.79 seconds, was set in Seoul 1988 Olympics. It was taken away after his failed drug test in 1988 Seoul Olympics.
Ben Johnson’s Doping Incidents
Ben Johnson tested positive twice for drugs. The first test was in 1988 Seoul Olympics. The drug in his system was an anabolic steroid, Stanozolol. At these Olympic Games he won a gold metal in the 100m sprint and beat his past world record. After he failed his drug test he lost both of his world records and his gold metal. After his first failed drug test he got a 2 year ban from sport events. In 1993 at a meet in Montreal Ben had a second positive drug test. This time for testosterone, a steroid-related substance that makes athletes athletes to train harder than they normally would but it not affecting there energy level. After this failed drug test Ben was banned from participating in sports events for life.
Ben Johnson
Graph
This graph is based on a survey done by the USA today about if you think athletes in different sports use Performance Enhancing Drugs.
Testosterone, the Benefits and Side Affects.
Testosterone improves muscle building, strength, and endurance. The side effects for Testosterone are nausea, vomiting, headaches , skin color changes, oily skin, hair loss and acne. Also pain and redness where the drug was applied may occur.
Stanozolol, the Benefits and Side Affects.
Stanozolol helps athletes by reducing body fat but building muscle. It is sold in tablet form, and is only banned in sport competitions. The side affects of Stanozolol are new or worsening acne, difficulty sleeping, headaches, vomiting, nausea, changes in skin colour, ankle swelling. Men might be more easily aggravated. Women might experience hoarseness and have more facial hair.
Different Performance Enhancing Drugs
Anabolic agents
- Testosterone
- Oxandrolone
- Oxymetholone
- Tetrahydrogestrinone
- Desoxymethyltestosterone
- Norbolethone
- Tibolone
- Zeranol
- Zilpaterol
- Clenbuterol
Hormones:
· Erythropoietin (EPO)
· Darbepoetin (DEPO)
· Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta
· Hematide
Diuretics:
· Furosemide
· Amiloride
· Triamterene
· Spironolactone
· Canrenone
· Indapamide
· Bumetanide
· Acetazolamide
· Chlorthalidone
· Etacrynic acid
· Metolazone
· Hydrochlorothiazide
· Bendroflumethiazide
· Chlorothiazide
· Probenecid
· Intravenous albumin
· Mannitol
· Dextran
· Hydroxyethl starch
Stimulants:
- Caffeine
- Amphetamine
- Methamphetamine
Sedatives and anxiolytics
· Diazepam
· Propranolol
· Ethanol
· Cannabis
History!
Doping, The Beginning
The ancient Greek’s were the first known to use special diets to improve their performance. One of the first recorded cases of doping was in 1904 Saint Louis Olympics by Thomas Hicks. He used raw eggs, injections of strychnine and doses of brandy to help him win the marathon.
Doping Becomes Popular:
Doping became popular in the 1920’s. In 1960 an Olympic cyclist died from using the drug amphetamine causes the sports authorities to speed up on introducing drug testing at sport events. Another death from Performance enhancing drugs in 1968 increased the need for regular drug tests.
Drug Tests Begin!
In 1968 the first Olympic drug testing happened. By 1970 most major sport events had regular drug testing. In 1974 a testing method for anabolic steroids was introduced. We are slowly making progress toward drug free sport events.