Period 4
Lydia, Brianna, Vanessa, & Mia
AP US History Study Guide: Period 4 - 1800 to 1848
Supreme Court under John Marshall
- McCulloch v. Maryland: interprets Constitution to give broad powers to national government (pg 242)
- Gibbon v. Ogden: gives national government jurisdiction over interstate commerce (pg 242)
- Worcester v. Georgia:court side with indian stating they were distinct political comment, having territorial boundaries, within which their authority is exclusive ad is guaranteed by the United States (page 330)
Tariff Disputes
- Tariff Act of 1789:raised revenue
- Tariff levied in 1816: were aimed at lucrative Southern market
- The tariff of 1828 precipitated the first secessionist crisis
Utopian Communities (Oneida)
- founded by John Hamphney Noyes
- was a christian perfectionist utopian
- located near the Oneida creek in New York
- moved in from original location in order to practice his complex marriage
- were all members are married to each other (Page 352)
Tariff Disputes
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Utopian Communities (Oneida)
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Indian Removal Act
- This act was passed on May 28,1830
- The federal government, specifically Andrew jackson, was given the power to pay Native Americans to move west
- Native American officials would take several different routes to their new homes
- Each of these routes would become a part of "The Trail of Tears"
- Cherokees were most vocal about opposition to removal of natives
- These people had a petitioned government with 16,000 signatures
Missouri Compromise
- It was passed in 1820 and involved regulation agreement between pro-slavery parties in congress
- when the congress adopted the compromise it allowed Maine to enter the U.S.A as a free state
- 11 free and 11 slave states
- Restrictions: Bringing slaves into Missouri would be illegal, all children of slaves in Missouri would be free at 25
- Slavery would not be allowed in any new territory north of 36 30 latitude
Nullification Crisis
- Protective tarifs (designed to protect northern indusrty) had angered the south for years
- John C.Calhoun of South Carolina argued states rights against federal laws
- In 1832 South Carolina nullified the tariff
- The tariff was welcomed by northern states, it increased the price of British goods and encouraged americans to buy american goods
- Southern states believed they could nullify(cancel) any federal law they believed was unconstitutional
Monroe Doctrine
- Was a U.S foreign policy regarding domination of the americans in 1823
- The Monroe Doctrine, proclaimed in 1823, declared the western hemisphere off, limits to european nations
- The doctrine served to other american nations because it asserts their right to independence
- was considered an effort on part of america to exert its presence and powers in the region
Webster Ashburton Treaty
- Signed August 9, 1843
- This treaty resolved several border issues between the united states and the British North American colonies
- Helped resolve frictions in Anglo American relations
- The first order of business was settling the border between the united states and Canada
- Was a wise compromise of territorial claims, which provided the present day boundary-line
Steel Plow
- Invented by John Deere in 1837
- It was used like a wooden plow except this one was guaranteed not to break.
- He invented it because he couldn't plow the rich soil of the Mid-West.
- Deer's company was making only 1,000 plows a year.
Mechanical Reaper
- Invented by Cyrus MsCormick in 1831
- It was used to harvest crops mechanically instead of using hands.
- This invention saved farm workers from hours of back breaking labor
- Increased productivity and revolutionized farming methods.
- Important during the American industrial revolution
Samuel Slater
- "Father of the Factory System"
- Came to America in 1789
- Built the first cotton mill
- Established the town of Slatersville, Rhode Island
Oregon Border
- Boundary dispute between the U.S. and Great Britain
- Went from the Pacific to the Rocky Mountains.
- By 1846 Oregon set on the 49th parallel with the exception of Vancouver Island.
Texas Annexation
- Annexed by America in 1845
- Became the 28th state
- Northerners went against the idea of annexing Texas because they knew it would be reserved as another slave state.
- Texas included large portions of what is now New Mexico and Colorado.
- After Texas was annexed it angered Mexico greatly and ultimately led to the Mexican-American war.
War & Expansion: Crash Course US History #17