War of 1812
In 1812, a war between Great Britain and the United States.
~W.I.N.E.~
"W.ar Hawks" Are Elected
War Hawks fought strongly for war against Great Britain. New "War Hawk" Congressmen from South and West were elected in 1810, both with their own hatred for Britain. Congressmen from the West blamed Great Britain for all of the Indian attacks that were happening on the frontier. Southerners were angry with Britain due to the fact that Britain had damage trade connection with all of Europe. One famous War Hawk is Henry Clay. He proposed a new economic system for America and developed compromises that would prevent a civil war. John C. Calhoun is another important War Hawk. Calhoun would become the vice president under President Andrew Jackson.
I.mpressment
When France and Britain went to war again in 1803, America wished to trade with both countries and declared neutrality. Neither Britain or France accepted this neutrality and Britain began to capture American ships. They would then kidnap the sailors and force them to work on the British ships. In 1807, an American warship, the Chesapeake, was attempted to be captured by a British warship. After the British ship fired upon the Chesapeake and sailors were captured, many American became furious and called for war.
N.ative American Attacks
Native Americans were angry with Americans because they had violated the Treaty of Greenville and proceeded to move into Indian territory. In response, Indians reach out to the British troops that were still in western forts for their help. The troops then armed the Indians with weapons and trained them how to use them. Tribes were then being recruited and were united by Chief Tecumseh in order to protect their land. At the Battle of Tippecanoe, William H. Harrison led his troops against the Indians, which crushed Tecumseh's movement. Americans received confirmation of the British aiding the Indians when Tecumseh fled to British owned Canada.
E.conomic Problem: Embargo of 1807
Thomas Jefferson proposed an embargo that would hopefully help to avoid a war. The Embargo Act of 1807, also known as the "Damn-bargo," stopped all trade between the United States and Europe. This Act kept American ships safe and also helped avoid war, but without trade to Europe the American economy heavily suffered. In 1808, James Maddison, a Democratic-Republican, was elected as President. He established the Non-Intercourse Act. The Non-Intercourse Act reestablished trade connections with all of Europe except for Britain and France. The American economy still suffered but not as severely and many Americans continued to fight for war.
~Places During The War of 1812~
Throughout the war, battle grounds continued to change. There was fighting along the Canadian Border, which ended in a stalemate, more fighting occured around the Chesapeake Bay, for example: both the White House and Capital Building were burned. The Battle of Baltimore is were the British Navy tried to attack but stopped at Fort McHenry. This battle is what inspired Francis Scott Key to write the "Star-Spangled Banner," which would latter become the national anthem. Fighting broke out in New Orleans when Britain tried to take over New Orleans in order to stop trade by controlling the Mississippi River. The Battle of New Orleans was led by Andrew Jackson and American troops beat the British. This battle made Andrew Jackson a national hero and inspires patriotism throughout the nation.
~Effects of The War~
Economy Growth
Peace throughout the country was established and the economy continued to grow. During the war factories and manufacturing grew which lessened America's dependence on Britain for certain items.
William H Harrison & Andrew Jackson
Willian Henry Harrison and Andrew Jackson became national heroes because of their actions during the war and helped save the country. After the Hartford Convention, federalists started to look unpatriotic and began to "die out."
International Respect
At the end of the war a truce was created in order to keep the peace between countries. In return, America received International respect which allowed the country to be taken seriously whenever dealing with other nations. American also became a world power afterwords.
Cultural Changes
The "Era of Good Feelings" began and American entered a period of nationalism. Americans created a new culture that was very unique and distinct from other European nations. America turned away from Europe and began to look West to expand.
Abi Griffin
Email: 756639@student.iss.k12.nc.us
Website: https://www.smore.com/fpb2x-the-war-of-1812
Location: West Iredell High School