Classifying the Colonies
Assignment #2
Jamestown
-Founded in 1607 by the Virginia Co.
- Important because it was the start of the colony, a model for future colonies
-First Permanent North American Colony.
- Other colonies had failed in the past
-House of Burgesses
- First representative government in North America
-John Rolfe
- Father of tobacco
-Chesapeake region
- Good location to start a colony (could see up and down the James river, but far enough on land to minimize conflict with enemy ships).
- First arrived in Jamestown
-Tobacco
- Cash crop of colony
-London Company
- Formed to bring profit and establish a colony
-Gold
- Reason why they came to North America
-James River
- Jamestown was along the banks of the James River.
Massachusetts Bay
-John Smith
- In 1614 sailed to MA bay and his writings were the foundation for the early plans of other colonists.
-John Winthrop
- Led first group of people to the colony and served as governor there for 12 years.
-Compulsory Education
- Still is the system of education today.
-Shipbuilding, Fisheries and Manufacturing
- Businesses that got going quickly and supported the colony.
-Settled in 1630
- One of first settlements, and had 1000 puritans.
-Puritans
- Founded colony
-Plymouth
- Eventually was merged with Massachusetts Bay colony
-Anne Hutchison
- Spiritual Adviser, participant in Antinomian colony
-Roger Williams
- Eventually went to sponsor Rhode Island
-"Commonwealth of Massachusetts"
- Oldest constitution in use throughout the world.
Pennsylvania
-Founded in 1682
- Safe haven for Quakers
-William Penn
- Founded the colony
- used his wealth to protect the Quakers by making the colony
-Agriculture and Manufacturing
- Leading agricultural area, and had lots of manufacturing jobs.
-King Charles II
- Granted William Penn land territory for the Pennsylvania colony.
- Colony was made for religious freedom for Quakers
- Were dominant
-Tolerated all religions
- Allowed many people from many places
-Leni Lenape
- Made treaty with Leni to purchase his land.
-"Breadbasket" Colony
- Grew many crops, especially wheat.Wheat was ground in mills then shipped to England.
-Proprietary colony
- Land granted by king in England, by 1775 was governed as a proprietary colony.
-Range of geography features
- Mountain ranges, coastal plains, plateaus, and Lake Erie Lowlands
Maryland
-Proprietary Government
- Individuals were granted land to form colonies
-Indentured Servants
- The need for cheap labor to grow tobacco rapidly increased the number of slaves.
-Chesapeake Bay
- Had access to waterways for ships for transport and trade
-Lord Baltimore
- Wanted to make colony for christians during time of European Wars of Religion.
-Tobacco
- Was the center of the economy
- 1649: one of the first laws that defined toleration of christians
-Puritans
- Left Virginia and headed for Maryland because Virginia's official religion changed.
-St. Mary City
- Spot of Maryland Government
-Calvert Family
- Controlled Maryland
-Mason-Dixon Line
- Used as boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania. Later used as boundary for free and slave states.
Georgia
-John Oglethorpe
- Led first group of colonists to Georgia, after a petition was approved.
-1733
- Last colony that was founded in North America
-Savannah River
- Location of the first colony in Georgia
- "Buffer"
- Was the state in between French Louisiana and Spanish Florida. They were having issues with each other.
-Creek Indians
- Main tribe and had friendly interactions with Spanish. Made trade connections with the indians.
- Spanish Florida and Georgia were having problems
-1752
- Became royal colony
-Slaves
- Had lots of plantations so needed slaves for cheap labor
-William Stephens
- Came from England to serve as secretary of Trustee of Georgia
-Agricultural
- Main source of profit, grew many cash crops with slaves.