Marvelous Matalloids
By:Burke Smith, Cooper Hamby, Josh Kirkland and Jack Carlton
Antimony + Geranium + Tellurium
Antimony, Sb
Symbol- Sb
Atomic Number- 51
Melting Point- 630.63 degrees celsius
Boiling Point- 1587 degrees celsius
Atomic Mass- 121.76
Protons- 51
Electrons- 51
Neutrons- 71
Valence Electrons- 5
Antimony compounds were known to ancient cultures like the Egyptians but it wasn’t widely used until the Middle Ages when alchemists started using it. We do not know how, when and by who it was discovered.
Antimony alloys are used in batteries. Antimony compounds are used to make flameproofing materials. It is also used in glass and pottery.
People who drink antimony in water could experience increases in blood cholesterol. High amounts of antimony consumed by animals can kill them.
Ge: Germanium
Melting Point: 1211.40 K (938.25°C or 1720.85°F)
Boiling Point: 3106 K (2833°C or 5131°F)
History: Germanium was discovered by the German chemist Clemens Winkler in the mineral argyrodite in 1886
Germanium is used to make transistors for use in electronic devices.
Germanium has an atomic number of 32 and an atomic mass of 72.64.
mineral argyrodite
Te: Tellurium
Melting Point: 722.66 K (449.51°C or 841.12°F)
Boiling point: 1261 K (988°C or 1810°F)
History: Tellurium was discovered by Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein, a Romanian mining official, in 1782.
Tellurium has an atomic number of 52 and an atomic mass of 127.6
Astatine
Astatine is a radioactive element in the Metalloid section of the Periodic Table. It’s Atomic Number is 85. It occurs only on the Earth as the result of the Radioactive Decay of certain elements that are heavy. It’s Atomic Mass is 210. Astatine is in the solid phase. Astatines Melting Point is 302 Celsius. It’s Boiling Point is 337 Celsius. It’s name comes from the Greek word unstable, Astatos. Astatine was discovered by Dale R. Carson, K.R. Mackenzie, and Emilio Segre, their work was performed at The University Of California. Astatine’s Density is about 7 Grams Per Cubic Centimeter. Astatine is in Group 17 and is also in Period 6.
Number of Protons/Electrons: 85.
Number of Neutrons: 125
# Of Valence Electrons= 7
BORON
Atomic Mass: 10.81
Melting Point: 2300 degrees celsius
Boiling Point: 3550 degrees celsius
Valence Electrons: 3
Protons: 5
Electrons: 5
Neutrons:6
Boron was discovered in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy in England when he reacted boric acid with potassium. It’s name comes from Borax and Carbon and it is obtained from Kernite.
Boron can be found in foods and when a person consumes too much boron it can cause health problems. Another problem is that boron can cause birth defects if the boron levels rise in a pregnant female.
Boron filaments are used in advanced aerospace structures because they are high strength and lightweight. Boron compounds are used in the manufacture of enamels. It is even used in pyrotechnics and flares to produce a green color.
Silicon
Silicon
Symbol- Si
Atomic Number- 14
Atomic Mass- 28.085
Melting Point- 1414 degrees celsius
Boiling Point- 3265 degrees celsius
Protons- 14
Electrons- 14
Neutrons-14
Valence Electrons- 4
Silicon was discovered in 1824 in Sweden by Jöns Jacob Berzelius by heating chips of Potassium in a silica container and then washing away the residue.
Silicon Crystalline irritates skin and eyes. Crystalline silica affects the immune system which leads to mycobacterial infections.
Silicon, in a powder or clay form, is used to make brick and concrete. It is also used in pottery.
Arsenic
As: Arsenic
Melting Point: 1090 K (817°C or 1503°F)
Boiling Point: 887 K (614°C or 1137°F)
History: it is believed that arsenic was first discovered by Albertus Magnus, a German alchemist, in 1250. Arsenic is free in nature, but is most often found in the minerals arsenopyrite , realgar and orpiment .
Arsenic has an atomic number of 33 and an atomic mass of 74.92.
Mettaloids
The Metalloids are located between the metals and the non-metals on the periodic table.
YOU TUBE VIDEO ON METALLOIDS
Antinomy
Tellirium
Germanium
Arsenic
Hazards and Daily Life
Daily life:
Arsenic is used in weed killers and pesticides and some other poisons. Also it is used for mixing with copper and lead.
Tellurium is used to make lead stronger and more durable.
Safety:
A high intake of germanium is used to make the immune system improve, improve the body’s oxygen supplies, and make someone feel more alive.
Arsenic is poisonous and disrupts the digestive system
Things We Loved About The Project
2- It Was Fun To Work With A New Type Of Project
3- We Got To Learn More About The Periodic Table Of Elements
Citations
Citations
Steve, Gagnon, ed. "Its Elemental."
Jefferson Lab. Jefferson Science Associates,. Web. 28 Jan 2014.
<http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele033.html>.
Michael, Dayah. "Ptable." Ptable.
Periodic Table Design & Interface Copyright,
31 Jul 2013. Web.