Blood project
Red Blood Cells, White Blood cells, Plasma, Platelets
Characteristics of Blood/ Amount in The Human Body
Blood is a fluid tissue that has many kinds of chemicals dissolved in it and millions upon millions of cells floating in it.
There is an average of about 8% of blood in the human body, around 5 liters.
Where Blood is Made/ How Its Made
Blood is made in the bone marrow.
All blood cells come from the same kind of stem cell. witch can turn into any kind of blood in the human body. There stem cells are called pluripotential hematopoietic stem cells.
Red Blood Cells
- there is about 45% of the blood.
- the red blood cell has a con-caved center to have more surface area. a mature red blood cell has no nucleolus
- exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the body's cells, transport oxygen to other cells in the body.
- red blood cells are caved in on both sides so that each one has a thin center and thick edges.
- Vocab:
- Erythrocyte- a blood cell of vertebrates that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
- Hemoglobin- pigment of red blood cells that gives them their red color
- Oxyhemoglobin- the mixture of hemoglobin and oxygen
- Carbaminohemoglobin- a mixture between hemoglobin and carbon dioxide
Plasma
- It makes up 55% of the bloods total volume.
- Plasma is a pale yellow color, it is made of mostly water about 95% of it
- helps maintain healthy blood pressure, blood clotting, and immunity.4
- Plasma is a clear pale yellow color
- Vocab:
- Plasma Protein- Proteins that transport lipids, hormones, and vitamins into the circulatory system
- Serum- the part of blood that is like water and that contain antibodies that fight disease.
- Albumins- The main protein in human blood and the key to regulating the osmotic pressure of blood
- Globulins- family of globular proteins
- Fibrinogen- a soluble protein in blood plasma.
- prothrombin- a plasma protein produced in the liver when vitamin k is around
White Blood Cells
- There are 7000 white blood cells within a micro liter of blood, also less then 1% makes up the blood.
- white blood cells are a pink-orange color.
- white blood cells play a important role in the immune system, they protect from illnesses and diseases.
- White blood cells look like white textured balls.
- Vocab:
- leukocytes- a colorless cell that circulates in the blood that protects from diseases.
- neutrophils- white blood cells with little granules that consume harmful bacteria and fungi
- eosinophils- a type of white blood cell that contain uniformly-sized, coarse round granules.
- basophils- part of your immune system that normally protects your body from infection
- lymphocytes- are small white blood cells that play an role in the body's immune system, it protects from germs.
- Monocytes- a large phagocytic white blood cell with a simple oval nucleus
- Macrophages- A type of white blood cell that ingests foreign material
Platelets
- The normal platelet count is 150,000-350,000 per microliter of blood, also makes up less then 1% of the blood.
- Platelets are small disc shaped clear cell fragments
- the function of platelets are is to prevent bleeding
- they look like a red or orange tire.
- Vocab:
- thrombocytes- A platelet important to normal blood clotting
- prothrombin activator- converts prothrombin to thrombin
- Thrombin- an enzyme in the blood plasma that causes clotting of blood by converting fibrinogen to fibrin.
- Fibrinogen- A protein in the blood plasma that is important for blood clotting and is converted into fibrin.
- Fibrin- An elastic, insoluble, whitish protein made by the action of thrombin on fibrinogen
- Coagulation- the clotting of blood
- Thrombus- a solid mass of platelets
- Thormbosis- the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel
- Embolus- is a blood clot that has formed inside a blood vessel or the heart
- Embolism- is when one or more arteries in your lungs become blocked