Canada In 2050
What will Canada look like in the year of 2050?
Immigrants
General Population
- 1 in 5 people are foreign born (foreign born population was 20% of total population in 2011 compared to 19.8 % in 2006 (Statistics Canada)
- most immigrants come from Asia (Statistics Canada)
- in 2011 94.8% of immigrants moved to Ontario, British Columbia, and Alberta (in metropolitan areas) (Statistics Canada)
- international migration is resonsible for 2/3 of population growth (CTV News Canada)
Push and Pull Factors
Point System, Requirements and Types of Immigrants
Aboriginals
Population
- represent 4.3% of total population in Canada
- children aged 14 and under represent 28% of Aboriginal population compared to 16.5% that children represent in the non-Aboriginal population
- population increased 20.1% from 2000 to 2011
- high fertility rates
Living Conditions
- 1 in 5 Aboriginals live in a home that needs serious repairs (CTV News Canada)
- suicide rate is 5 times greater than non-Aboriginal Canadians (CTV News Canada)
- less first nations live on reserve (60%) and move to metropolitan areas (Statistics Canada)
- unsanitary drinking water (Pearson Education Canada Inc.)
- high unemployment (Pearson Education Canada Inc.)
- reserves are too small to support the growing population (Pearson Education Canada Inc.)
Education
- high school graduation rate is 36% compared to 72% of Canada overall
- many communities see only half high school student finish basic education
How Canada Is Taking Action
In February 2014, prime minister Stephen Harper announced an agreement between the Government of Canada and the Assembly of First Nations and created the First Nations Control of First Nations Education Act. This act will give children on reserve an equal education as any Canadian. (Prime Minister of Canada | Stephen Harper)
Demographics
General Population
- there are approximately 35 million people living in Canada
- the average growth rate from 2000-2010 was 1.1
- the projected average growth rate from 2010-2060 is expected to decrease at 0.9
- More than one Canadian in three (35.0%) was living in one of Canada's three largest CMAs, Toronto, Montréal and Vancouver (Statistics Canada)
Fertility Rate
- The average fertility rate is 1.6 (Statistics Canada.)
- The average fertility rate was 3.9 in 1959 (Employment and Social Development Canada)
- The fertility rate is very low in Canada and there are many families of 3.
Baby Boomers
- the median age is now 39.9 years (Employment and Social Development Canada)
- Post World War II couples had more babies because birth control methods were not advanced and they were married at a younger age (The Canadian Encyclopaedia)
- median age was 40 years in 2012 (The Canadian Encyclopaedia)
Death Rate
The death rate will increase by 2050 because it will close to the time that the baby boomers will pass away due to age. Because there will be a low birthrate, meaning there will not be as many children, seniors are expected to outnumber children. (The Canadian Encyclopedia)
Effects on Economy
Before 2050, seniors will retire at around the same time leaving their jobs in need to be filled by people with particular skill set, resulting in the availability of many jobs. This would mean delaying retirement and having people from other countries immigrate for the jobs. In addition, economic and social demands will lean towards health care, retirement homes and other needs for the growing population of seniors because a large portion of the population will be seniors. (The Canadian Encyclopedia)
The Big Picture
Bibliography
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"Canadians In Context- Aging Population." Statistics Canada. (2011). Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
"Canadians in Context - Population Size and Growth." Employment and Social Development Canada. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
"Canada's Population Surpasses 35 Million Mark." CTV News. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
Commisso, Christina. "Canada Faces A 'Crisis' On Aboriginal Reserves: UN Investigator." CTV News. 15 Oct. 2013. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
Cranny, M., Moles, G. "Poverty On Aboriginal Reserves." Counterpoints - Exploring Canadian Issues. P.g 354-355. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
"Figures for Migration: International 2009." Statistics Canada. 17 Nov. 2010. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
"First Nations Control of First Nations Act." Prime Minister of Canada|Stephen Harper. 07 Feb. 2013. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
"First Nations To Get More Control Over Education, Ottawa Says." CBC News. 07 Feb. 2014. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
"Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity in Canada." Statistics Canada. 14 Jan. 2014. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
Krotki, Karol J., and Jaques Henripin. "Baby Boom." The Canadian Encyclopedia. 16 Dec. 2013. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
Martel, Laurent and Jonathan Chagnon. "Population growth in Canada: From 1851 to 2061." Statistics Canada. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
"2006 Census: Aboriginal Peoples in Canada in 2006: Inuit, Métis and First Nations, 2006 Census: First Nations people." Statistics Canada. (2006). Web. 18 Mar. 2014.