Assignment #2: Classifying Colonies
Jackie Malish period 5
Jamestown
2) 1607-- year the colony was established
3) Chesapeake bay-- climate was hot, humid, and swampy and not ideal for most crops
4) Starvation, disease, malaria problems-- many died; life expectancy was very short; "starving time" led to cannibalism; smallpox, influenza, measles
5) John Smith-- diplomatically organizes men into working, creates a system of order
6) John Rolfe--brings over the major crop of tobacco; starts plantation economy and eventually leads to slavery
7) Founded by joint stock company-- Virginia company; group of people put forth money for the venture; wanted business and gold
8) House of Burgesses 1619-- first representative government in N. America; basic structure of house and senate
9) Virginia Company charter-- guaranteed colonists the same rights as Englishmen
10) Peace treaty of 1646-- removed Powhatans from their original land
Massachusetts Bay
2) Separatists-- extremist group of Puritans
3) Mayflower Compact-- 1620; pilgrims signed document while on ship to set up a democracy for the new land
4) Friendly relationship-- relied on natives to help harvest the land
5) Farming-- help from Squanto to get accustomed to the land
6) Winter-- first winter was difficult to grow crops
7) Thanksgiving-- shared first harvest pickings with the Indians
8) John Winthrop-- first governor of MA; had a calling to lead
9) Salem Witch Trials-- paranoia led to killing of those thought to practice witch craft
10) Sir Ferdinando Gorges-- went on to establish Maine colony
Pennsylvania
2) Quakers-- refused to pay taxes to support Church of England
3) Tolerance-- because they were pacifists, Quakers were not violent towrds other groups
4) Liberal-- ideal acceptance of all, open environment
5) Friendly Indians-- pacifist nature kept friendly relationships with native peoples
6) Breadbasket-- grew lots of wheat
7) Holy Experiment-- establish as a place to govern while following religion
8) Pamphlets-- William Penn advertised the colony to attract people
9) No predestination-- left everything up to God and a man could not tell you about your conscious
10) Representatives-- assembly was elected by landowners
Maryland
2) Toleration Act of 1649-- granted tolerance to all Christians; first religious freedom act, restricted those who did not believe in Jesus
3) Proprietary colony-- elites distributed land in a feudal relationship
4) Civil war-- 1655 violence between Puritans and Jesuits
5) Land given to Catholics-- relatives of Lord Baltimore given land to stay in power
6) Friendly Indians-- gave colonists land and corn
7) House of Delegates-- upper was governor and council; lower followed Parliment rules
8) Tobacco-- plantation set up relied heavily on indentured servants, then transition to African slaves
9) Healthier-- better climate than Jamestown; no starving; disease wipeouts
10) Haven for Catholics-- wanted to avoid more persecution by Protestants
Georgia
2) James Ogelthorpe-- philanthropist who put in his own money to support Georgia
3) Buffer state-- divided Spanish Florida, French Louisiana and the Carolinas
4) Debtors-- safe place for those who were supposed to be in prison
5) Slavery-- at first resisted slavery altogether, but plantation economy led to large growth
6) Tolerance-- all Christians except Catholics were free
7) Savannah-- biggest port in Georgia for trading
8) Unhealthy climate-- hot and humid; good for only certain crops
9) Silk and Wine-- unique exports that Georgia offered
10) Plantations-- climate led to plantation economy which increased slavery