Language Arts 8th Grade
what we've learned this year. by Julian Roberts
Chapter 1: The Sentence
The subject tells whom or what the sentence is about.
The simple subject is the main word or word group that tells whom or what he sentence is about.
The predicate of a sentence tells something about the subject.
The verb is the main word or word group that tells something about the subject.
A compound subject consists of two or more connected subjects that have the same verb .
A compound verb consists of two or more verbs that have the same subject.
A declarative sentence makes a statement and ends with a period.
An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. They end in a period or an exclamation mark.
An interrogative sentence asks a question and ends with a question mark.
An exclamatory sentence shows excitement or strong feeling and ends with an exclamation point.
Chapter 1 Examples
subject: Marley kicked the football.
simple subject: Billy came late to the party.
predicate: Leo's brother delivers pizza
verb: I ran down the street
compound subject: Bob and Tom worked on the puzzle
compound verb: The dog barked and growled at the strangers
declarative sentence: I like waffles.
Imperative sentence: Stop that!
interrogative sentence: Was it fun?
exclamatory sentence: We won the game!
Chapter 2 Parts of Speech
A compound noun is made up of two or more words used together as a single noun.
A common noun names any one of a group o persons, places, things, and ideas.
A proper noun names a particular person, place, thing, or idea.
A concrete noun names a person, place, or thing that can be identified by the five senses. An abstract noun names an idea, personality, quality, or characteristic.
A collective noun is a word that names a group.
A pronoun is a word used in place of one or more nouns or pronouns.
A reflexive pronoun refers to the subject and functions as a complement or an object of a preposition.
An intensive pronoun emphasizes a noun or another pronoun.
A demonstrative pronoun points out a person, place thing, or idea.
A relative pronoun introduces a subordinate clause.
An indefinite pronoun refers to a person place thing or idea that may or may not be named.
Chapter 2 Examples
compound noun: let's play basketball
common noun: that cat is black
proper noun: I like Antonio Brown
concrete noun: the cow kicked me
abstract noun:Everyone likes humor
collective noun: the audience was great
pronoun: He is tall
reflexive pronoun: I washed the car myself
intensive pronoun: i knew that you yourself would pass
demonstrative pronoun: This is my car
indefinite pronoun: look in both cabinets
relative pronoun:the cyclist who won the race trained hard.
personal pronoun: you need to stop lying to me
interrogative pronoun: What do you want for dinner.
adjective: he gave me another one.
Chapter 3 Parts of Speech
A transitive verb is a verb that expresses an action directed towards a noun.
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
The preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun, called the object of the preposition, to another word.
The conjunction is a word used to join words or word groups
An interjection is a word that is used to show emotion.
Chapter 3 Examples
transitive verb: Sylvia kicked Juan under the table.
adverb: James strolled proudly into the dance
preposition: The clue is hidden in the book
conjunction: Me and my mom are tall.
interjection: Wow! I'm happy.
Chapter 4 Compliments
Direct object: a noun, pronoun, or word group that tells who or what receives the action
verb
Indirect object: a noun, pronoun, or a word group that sometimes appears in sentences containing direct objects.
Subject compliments: a word or word group that completes the meaning of a linking verb and that identifies or describes the subject.
Predicate nominative: a word or word group that is in the predicate and identifies the subject or refers to it.
Predicate adjective: an adjective that is in the predicate and that describes the subject.