U.S History Vocab
Daniel Jaimes
American Industrialization
Social and economic changes in the United States that began in the late 18th century involving wide spread adoption of industrial method of production.
Laissez Faire
Government inability to control wages or prices.
Trust
A group of corporations run by one board of directions.
Robber Baron
A business man who uses ruthless business tactics.
Vertical Integration
When a company owns all the different businesses on which it depends for its operation.
Horizontal Integration
This is when a single company achieves control of an entire market. It becomes a monopoly.
Political Machine
An informal political group designed to keep power. Provided essential services for immigrants.
Ellis Island
Small island outside of New York Harbor. It was a processing building for incoming immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe.
Tenements
Home for majority of urban dwellers. Dark and crowded multi-family apartments.
Ethnic Enclaves
Neighborhoods separated in ethnic groups.
Nativism
People with a preference for native born people and desire to limit immigration.
Guided Age
American industrialization named by Mark Twain as the Guided Age because it looked good on the outside but really bad on the inside.
Social Darwinism
Many wealthy people like Rockefeller used this term to justify their wealthiness. Promotes that only the strongest survive.
Americanization
Process in which immigrant school children were taught the English language as well as the culture. Purpose was to assimilate ethnic immigrant groups into the dominant culture.
Populist Party
Movement by farmers to increase their political power.
Gospel of Wealth
Wealthy Americans had the responsibility to donate money to further social progressions.
Social Gospel Movement
Religious reforms strove to improve conditions of the cities according to the biblical ideas of charity.
Progressivism
Asserts that advancement in science, technology, economic development, and social organization are vital to improve the humans.
Muckraker
Muckraker was used to characterize reform minded journalists who wrote for popular magazines.
John D Rockefeller
American business magnate and philanthropist. He was a co-founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust.
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish American industrialist who led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century.
JP Morgan
John Pierpont Morgan was an American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation
Cornelius Vanderbilt
American business magnate and philanthropist who built his wealth in railroads and shipping.
Thomas Edison
Thomas Edison was an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world.
Henry Ford
Henry Ford was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company
Samuel Gompers
Samuel Gompers was an English-born American cigar maker who became a Georgist labor union leader
William "Boss" Tweed
American politician most notable for being the "boss" of Tammany Hall
Upton Sinclair
American author who wrote nearly 100 books and other works across a number of genres.
Jacob Riis
Danish American social reformer, "muckraking" journalist and social documentary photographer.
Theodore Roosevelt
American statesman, author, explorer, soldier, naturalist, and reformer who served as the 26th President of the United States
William Taft
American jurist and statesman who served as both the 27th President of the United States and later the 10th Chief Justice of the United States.
Meat Inspection Act
Ensures that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions.
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
United States federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry
Children's Bureau 1912
Federal agency organized under the United States Department of Health and Human Services
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Landmark federal statute in the history of United States antitrust law.
16th Amendent
Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes.
17th Amendment
Senators are elected by state legislatures.
18th Amendment
Banned the sale and drinking of alcohol in the United States.
19th Amendment
Guarantees all American women the right to vote.