Astronomy
By:E Wondra
Phases of the moon
There are 8 phases of the moon. The phases start with a new moon and then it will go to a waxing crescent next first quarter and then a full moon. The first 4 phases of the moon are waxing which mean you are seeing more of the moon until a full moon. The next 4 phases of the moon are waning gibbous,third quarter and the last phase is waning crescent. Those 4 phases are waning witch mean you are seeing less and less. Then the whole process starts again. Each cycle last 28 days.
Moon Phases Song
Seasons
What are seasons? Why do we have day and night? Why do we have years? First let's talk about season. Seasons are the earth rotation on its axis and the 4 hemispheres are in different places so we have 4 season every year depending on the Earths rotation. Next why do we have day and night? We have day because when the Earth is facing the sun it is bright so that is day. When the earth isn't facing the sun we have night.
Eclipse
lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse happens when Earths shadow blocks the suns light. There are 3 types of lunar eclipse total,partial and penumbra. A total eclipse is when the earths shadow covers the whole moon. A partial lunar eclipse is when the a small part of the moons surface is covered by the shadow of earth. A penumbra eclipse is when the then moon passes thought the earths shadow but is not in the umbra.
solar eclipse
A solar eclipse happens when the moon moves between sun ans earth blocking the sun rays and casting a shadow on earth. There are three different types of solar eclipses umbra, penumbra and antumbra. The umbra stage of a solar eclipse is the darkest time of the eclipse. The suns light is blocked in places on earth. Penumbra time of a solar eclipse is when only a part of the suns light is blocked. Last is the antumbra which is whne the moob apperes smaller and not completly blocked by the sun. So we see the outer rim of the sun.
Tides
Tides are the periodic rise and fall of the sea level under the gravitational pull. There are 2 different types of tides neap and spring tides. A spring tide is when the moon, earth and sun are all in line with each other. A neap tide is when the sun, earth and moon are perpendicular with each other. There is also diurnal and semidiurnal tides. Diurnal tides have one bight tide and one low tide per day. Semidiural have two low and two high tides per day.