The Cardiovascular System
Blood
Overall Blood Characteristics
Components of Blood
Erythropoietin controls the production
4.7-5.5 Liters of blood
Erythropoietin controls the production
Neutrophils: 40% to 60%
- Lymphocytes: 20% to 40%
- Monocytes: 2% to 8%
- Eosinophils: 1% to 4%
- Basophils: 0.5% to 1%
- Band (young neutrophil): 0% to 3%
Plasma
that is 92% water.
:Plasma carries salts and enzymes. Also is used to transport proteins, hormones and nutrients throughout the body to maintain homeostasis.
:Plasma is called the "Gift of Life" and the essential starting materials needed to manufacture therapies that help people with chronic illnesses.
: Donating plasma is the same processes as donating red blood. It is separating by a spinning centrifuge.
(Erythrocytes) Red Blood Cell
: In return CO2 will is returned to the body and released by the lungs when exhaling.
: A hematocrit test tests for how many or little blood cells one has.
: A hemoglobin test measures how much hemoglobin is in the blood.
:Polycythemia is a high blood cell count. There is currently no cause but Phlebotomy can be used to extract blood from the body.
: Donating blood requires one to have a high iron content. One must be 110 pounds or more. Type O blood is the most commen type of blood and is in the highest demand. One is hooked up to a machine, inserted with a needle and extracted blood from them. Usually 1 pint id taken from a donor. most donors can donate blood every 56 days but double donors can every 112 days. They will be used after 42 days of donation.
Anemia Types
- Iron Deficiency- When the body does not have enough iron in the blood cells, which helps make them. Taking iron supplements can help or eating iron rich food.
- Hemolytic Anemia- Happens when the blood cells are destroyed before their usual time. Increasing blood cells count by injecting someone with blood.
- Hemorrhagic Anemia- A reduced amount of O2 delivery to the cells. Also a reduced blood loss. Using IVs to add more blood to the body.
- Sickle Cell Anemia- When blood cells to be disformed and break down. There is no cure.
- Pernicious Anemia- A decreasein blood cells when the body cannot absorb vitamin B12. Vitamen B12 injections usually treat it.
(Leukocytes) White Blood Cells
:Leukopenia is when there is abnormally low number of the five white blood cell types. It can be treated by stimulation of the bone marrow to produce more cells.
: Leukemia is cancer of blood forming tissues which hinders the body from being able fight off diseases and infections. It can be treated by using Induction Maintenance and Consolidation therapies.
:Mononucleosis: Is spread through bodily fluids and occurs in teens. Also caused from the Epstein-Barr virus. Can be treated by getting lots of rest and drinking fluids.
: Multiple Myeloma is the cancer of plasma cells and can be treated by means of chemotherapy, radiations and surgery.
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Thrombocytes ( Platelets)
:Hemophilia is when blood does not clot normally which can be treated with replacement therapy
: Coumadin helps new blood clots from forming and keeps existing blood clots from getting worst and is a blood thinner. Warfin also does the same.
: Heparin prevents blood clots before and after surgery. Also helps prevents clots in the heart and lungs. Also has the same function as Aspirin and is a thinner.
Homeostasis in Blood Clotting
- First vascular constriction occurs and limits the blood flow.
- Platelets become activated by thrombrin and flood the affected area.
- The thrombrin clot and form a mesh to trap blood from being excreted too much.
- Next the clot is dissolved by plasmin.
Sources
Works Cited
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