The history of computers
Tim berners-lee
info
1st generation of computers
.It was developed by two scientists Mauchly and Echert at the Census Department of United States in 1947. The first generation computers were used during 1942-1955
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Advantages
- Vacuum tubes were the only electronic component available during those days.
- Vacuum tube technology made possible to make electronic digital computers.
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Disadvantages
- The computers were very large in size.
- They consumed a large amount of energy.
second generation of compyters.
.The second generation computers used transistors. The scientists at Bell laboratories developed transistor in 1947. These scientists include John Barden, William Brattain and William Shockley.
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Advantages
- Smaller in size as compared to the first generation computers.
- The 2nd generation Computers were more reliable .
Disadvantages
- Cooling system was required
- Constant maintenance was required.
third generation of computers
.The Third generation computers used the integrated circuits (IC). Jack Kilby developed the concept of integrated circuit in 1958. It was an important invention in the computer field. The first IC was invented and used in 1961.
Advantages
- Smaller in size as compared to previous generations.
- More reliable
Disadvantages
- Air conditioning was required.
- Highly sophisticated technology required for the manufacturing of IC chips.
4th generation of computers
The fourth generation computers started with the invention of Microprocessor. The Microprocessor contains thousands of ICs. Ted Hoff produced the first microprocessor in 1971 for Intel.
Advantages
- More powerful and reliable than previous generations.
- Small in size.
Disadvantages
- The latest technology is required for manufacturing of Microprocessors.
five generations of computers
inputs and outputs
inputs
inputs are
keyboard
mouse
torch screen
camera
video camera
outputs
flash light
projector
screen
speakers