Industrial Revolution
By: Prakyath Chadalawada
Great Britain
-Coal: Britain could mine coal very easily, because the island had deposits of coal that weren't too far from the ground, and so easy to obtain. The coal was then used to power the machines that Britain itself made, and this, in turn, made the country sort of self-sufficient.
-Political Stability: Britain enjoyed a long period of political stability, and the land owners had spare money to invest in new ideas and innovations like machines. This money in turn supported inventions, which allowed Britain to become more and more industrialized.
Cotton Industry
Inventions in the cotton industry helped speed up the production of cotton, leading to a higher demand for yarn. This demand for textiles led to more and more inventions such as the spinning jenny and the water frame. Eventually, the steam engine was improved, which improved production even more than ever. This shows development during the industrial revolution because each new invention helped increase production more than the last.
Population
Population pressures in England had a more or less negative effect, as there were so many workers that they were seen as disposable, and thus, not treated very well. The mortality rate also increased due to bad working conditions, and people not having enough money for healthcare, or a sanitary living environment. During the industrial revolution, people also moved to the cities from the rural areas, because there were more working opportunities and higher wages, and this caused a major shift in population from the rural to urban areas.
Capitalism
Competitions between companies, and the rising and falling of monopolies are self-sustaining, and keep capitalism alive, as they produce more money for the economy, and are sort of self-checking in terms of power, so corruption is lessened as opposed to a market controlled solely by the government.
Spread of Industrialization
The governments in both Japan and Russia helped industrialize their countries, and pushed their countries into the modern era. Kazuko Hitomi in Japan helped promote industrialization by pressuring and advising the imperial authorities to do so. In Russia, the tsarist governments promoted the construction of railroads to unify Russia, and to connect with other countries, and this helped start industrialization in Russia.