fitness components poster
mikel johnson
cardiovascular endurance
cardiovascular endurance is the ability of the circulatory system(heart and blood vessels) to supply oxygen to working muscles during exercise. Swimming is a example of cardiovascular endurance because Swimming is an aerobic activity that works out multiple muscle groups and helps build cardiovascular health.
muscular strength
Muscular strength is much different from muscular endurance. Strength is a measure of how much force your muscles can exert, while endurance is the measure of how many times your muscles can repeat a specific exertion of force
muscular endurance
Muscular endurance is very important for people playing sports and who have to sustain an activity for long periods of time. Muscular endurance is determined by how well your slow twitch muscle fibers are developed.
flexibility
It is important to include flexibility training as part of your clients’ regular fitness routines. Improved flexibility may enhance performance in aerobic training and muscular conditioning as well as in sport. There is scientific evidence that the incidence of injury decreases when people include flexibility training in their routines due to the enhanced ability to move unimpeded through a wider ROM.
body composition
In physical fitness, body composition is used to describe the percentages of fat, bone, water and muscle in human bodies. Because muscular tissue takes up less space in our body than fat tissue, our body composition, as well as our weight, determines leanness.
speed
Speed is the ability to perform a movement in a short period of time. Reaction time is a subcomponent of speed and refers to the time it takes for the neuromuscular system to produce movement from stimulus to reaction. Moving your foot from the accelerator to the brake is an example of reaction time.
agility
Agility, as defined by the President's Council, refers to the ability to change your entire body position in space rapidly with accuracy and speed. Sports coach Brian Mac offers a slightly different perspective, defining agility as the ability to perform a successive series of powerful explosive movements quickly in opposing directions. Agility is typically measured by performing a timed shuttle run. Sports teams use zigzag drills to enhance agility.
balance
Balance is your ability to maintain equilibrium, or control your body's position in space. This component can further be broken down into static balance, which is maintaining equilibrium while not moving, and dynamic balance, which is maintaining control of the body while moving without succumbing to gravity or momentum. Balance is important in sports such as dance, gymnastics, ice hockey, figure skating and other sports requiring extreme control
coordination
Coordination is a skill that recruits the senses such as sight and hearing in conjunction with body parts to perform tasks accurately and with efficiency of movement. Coach Brian Mac contends that coordination integrates the various skill-related components of fitness into accurate and effective movements. Juggling, hitting a baseball with a bat and dribbling a basketball are all coordination skills.
power
A combination of strength and speed, power is the ability to exert maximum force in a quick, explosive burst. According to Pacific Lutheran University, power is a function of the amount of work performed per unit of time. The shot put, a tennis serve, a sprint start, a basketball dunk, and a baseball pitch all exhibit power. The jump height test is one assessment used to test power.