Explore Medieval Europe
By: Taylor Regenwether, Natalie Perkins, Kayli Whitcanack
Catholic Church
Role of The Catholic Church
- Everyone was required to pay taxes to the state
- Clergy was not required to pay taxes to the state
- Most people worshiped together at the church
- Canon law & church law were used in courts
- If anyone were to disobey the canon law, they were to be excommunicated
- On church lands, the peasants worked for free
- Clergy, Bishops, & Priests were under the authority of THE POPE
- Bishops supervised the priests
- Priests and some other clergy administered religious ceremonies that paved the way for achieving salvation, called sacraments
- Priests were the lowest ranking members of the church
- The everyday lives of Christians were based on following the path to salvation (everlasting life in heaven)
Problems facing The Catholic Church
- The kinds appointed the church bishops, most people believed only the church should have control over appointing bishops
- Bishops sold positions in the church (A.K.A simony)
- Many village priests married and had families= against church laws
- Popes had questionable morals
- Many bishops and abbots put their position as a feudal lord ahead of their job as a spiritual leader
Crusades
- Kings & the church saw the crusade wars as an opportunity to throw out quarrelsome knights who had threatened the peace of church property & he kingdoms
- Each crusade caused many deaths to christians while only some were successful and some weren't
- Reason of crusades was to gain control of the Holy Land
- Took place over the course of 300 years
- To whom did not go on the crusades was given many new opportunities to manage any affairs on the estates or to operate businesses
- After the attempted attacks the Muslims became bitter
- Many people lost faith in the pope which causes loss for his power
- Europe and Southwest Asia trade was expanded
Feudalism
- Based on rights & obligations, a lord who owned land was a fief, person receiving fief was a vassal
- Feudal pyramid, king, church official/noble, knights, then peasants/serfs
Manor System
- Rested on set of rights and obligation with lords and serfs
- Lord gave serfs farmland and housing, serfs gave in return tended lands and worked with animals
- Manor house- house for lord and his family and servants
- Village church- where they had meetings and religious services
- Peasant cottages- Shelter for serfs or peasants
- Lords land wehre serfs and peasants worked was called Lord's Demesne
Warefare
- Created a saddle for knights and a stirrup to help horses go faster allowed them to carry heavy weapons
- Trebuchet otherwise known as catapult is like a slingshot or launching items at enemy
- Mantlet to shield themselves from longbows and other items
Knight
Role of Knights
chivalry
protect lord’s land
protect weak/ poor
Decline of Knights
crossbow and arbalest (very powerful crossbow) A knight with a lot of training could be brought down by someone with little training and a arbalest.
- gunpowder. No armor stood a chance against a bullet.
ENGLAND’s evolution to a LIMITED CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY
Civil war
Execution of Charles the 1st
Passage of bill of rights
HUNDRED YEAR’s WAR
CAUSE
1337-1453
Capetian (French) dies without a successor; King Edward 3 (England) claims the throne- grandson of Philip the 4
England wins
EFFECTS
France
...........cost lives, property, money,
...........raised power and prestige
England
...........internal turmoil
...........strengthen English parliament
Both
...........nationalism/patriotism
Bibliography
- " Dark Middle Ages - All the awesome medieval information that can possibly be crammed into one website." Dark Middle Ages - All the awesome medieval information that can possibly be crammed into one website. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. <http://www.darkmiddleages.com/articles/
- " Manorial System : History Blogging Time ." History Blogging Time . N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. <http://thisisourblog.edublogs.org/2012/10/19/manorial-system/>.
- "Feudalism of Middle Ages.." Medieval Resources and History. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. <http://www.medievalresources.com/index
- "History with Sanders: Day 62: Medieval Catholic Church (11/29/11)." History with Sanders. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. <http://historywithsanders.blogspot.com/2011/11/day-62-medieval-catholic-church-112911.html>.
- Beck, Roger B.. Modern world history: patterns of interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2005. Print.