Cells
Earl Gocking Period:2
Plasma or Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane (Plasma): A membrane enclosing the cytoplasm of the cell that allows some particles to pass through it. The cell membrane also keeps the parts of the cell inside the structure.
Characteristics:
- Not Solid
- Lipid Bilayer
- Proteins and Phospholipids
Cell Wall
Cell Wall: A membrane that forms external to the cell membrane. 'Only plant cells have cell walls'. They provide strength and protection against mechanical stress and help plants maintain their structure.
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm: The substance within a cell that contains organelles and other partials (not including nucleus) . It is a fluid that breaks down larger molecules to be used by the organelles.
Nucleus
Nucleus: The part of the cell that controls eating, movement, and reproduction. It contains DNA and RNA.
Nuclear Membrane
Nuclear Membrane: A double layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus. It forms a barrier between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Nucleolus
Nucleolus: The round structure located inside the nucleus of the a cell. It is made of protein and RNA.
Centrioles
Centrioles: An organelle found in animal cells that aid in nuclear division. It is small and cylindrical-shaped normally located near the nucleus. It is also self-replacing.
Chromatin
Chromatin: Packages DNA into smaller volume and conroels gene expression. It aids in cell division and is found in the neucleus of the cell.
Golgi Apparatus
Golgi Apparatus: Packages larger molecules into vesicles. It transports lipids through ought the cell and creates lysosomes.
Endoplasmic Reticulum & Ribosomes
Ribosomes: The build or synthesize protein within the cell. They are made of protein and RNA.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: It synthesizes lipids and metabolizes carbohydrates. It also lacks ribosomes.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria: Organelles found within the cytoplasm of a cell. They produce "high-energy compounds" like ATP. The are a vital source of energy for cell processes .
Chloroplast
Chloroplast: Produce food for plant cells. They convert energy from sunlight into sugars to be used by the cell.
Lysosomes
Lysosomes: Organells that contain digestive enzymes that are used to digest food and the cell when it dies.
Peroxisomes
Peroxisomes: They Absorb nutrients that the cell has acquired, breaks down toxic materials, digest fatty acids, amino acids and alcohol, as well as play a roll in cholesterol synthesis.
Vacuole
Vacuole: Storage for for food, nutrients, and water in the cell.
Cytoskeleton
Cytoskeleton: Controls the cell's shape, aids in organization within the cell, and helps the cell move.