Cells and Cell Structure
Valentin and Pierce
Cell Organelles
Nucleus Membrane- Protects and encloses DNA
Nucleolus- produces ribosomes
Cytoplasm- Keeps organelles in place and is the soup like region
Cell Membrane- controls what enters and exits the cell (phospholipid bilayer)
Ribosomes- produce proteins
Golgi Apparatus- packages and transports proteins
Smooth ER- creates hormones and lipids
Rough ER- transports ribosomes
Centriole- fused microtubes that help give support and structure for the organelles
Lysosome- break down materials in the cell
Mitochondria- produces a usable energy for the cell
Vacuole- hold H2O in the cell and other materials
Chloroplast- creates food for the cell through the sunlight
Cell Wall- gives structure and is the frame work in plant cells
Lipid Bilayer- layer of the cell that allows things to enter or exit; made of phospholipids
Cell Transport- includes passive and active transports
Active Transports includes energy needed to move items in and out the cell which are endocytosis, exocytosis, and Na/K pump.
Passive Transports does not require energy and examples are diffusion which is movement of particles from a high to low concentration; facilitated diffusion which requires assistance from a protein(glucose diffusion); osmosis which is movement of water through a semipermeable surface(hypotonic, hypotonic, and isotonic).
Active Transport
- The active transport uses energy, (ATP), against the gradient low to high.
Active and Passive Transport
- The passive transport (top) doesn't need energy to function because its moving from high to low concentration.
- The picture below is the active transport.