Ancient Egypt
By: Halie Mesko 5th hour
Physical Geography of Egypt
The Nile river goes through Egypt and is 4,000 kilometers long. It is also the longest river in the world. The Nile flows South to North and gave water for Egypt when they were first becoming a civilization. But the Nile did not provide just that, it also gave the Egyptians silt to grow crops with, just like how the rivers near Mesopotamia help them become an advanced civilization.
Egypt's Land
Egypt is almost completely desert and is by the Red and Mediterranean Seas. Egypt also has two regions, the Northern and Southern regions.
The Nile Protected Egypt
The Nile provided many things and that includes safety. The Nile protected Egypt from invaders. It's cataracts, or rapids, blocked off invaders and made it difficult to sail on.
Social Hierarchy
- Pharaohs- Pharaohs are the kings or rulers of Egypt
- Nobles- Nobles work for and help the pharaohs
- Priests- Priests receive messages from commoners to deliver to the Gods and Goddesses
- Scribes- Writers
- Craftspeople- Craftspeople are the people who make the tools and weapons
- Farmers- People who farm the crops
- Women- Women would stayed home to cook and clean
- Slaves- Slaves are workers and laborers, they were normally found worker for wealthier people
The Pharaohs of Egypt
- Menes- Menes ruled in 3100 BC. He was the first known pharaoh of Egypt, and some think that he was just a myth and a few pharaohs now as Narmer, Aha, and Scorpion did all of the achievements that he is given credit for.
- Djoser- Djoser started to rule in 2630 BC and is know for building the first Pyramid in Egypt that was 147 mile high!
- Sneferu- Snerferu was the first pharaoh that ruled in the fourth dynasty of Egypt and he built large pyramids and temples
- Khufu- Khufu ruled in 2550 BC. Nobody knows much about him except that he made giant statues and monuments.
- Ahmose- Ahmose ruled in the 1500s. He was the first pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty, the start of the New Kingdom
- Hatshepsut- Hatshepsut ruled in 1475 BC and was the first female pharaoh. She built giant temples and was the leader of a major trading system.
- Thutmose- Thutmose ruled in 1472 BC. His Stepmother was Hatshepsut and he destroyed everything she did.
- Akhenaton- 1353 BC was when Akhenaton ruled over Egypt. He changed religion because he was Monotheism (Only Believes in One God)
- Tutankhamen- Tutankhamen (Also known as King Tut) rebuilt temples and returned to old religion. He ruled in 1333 BC and is famous for his tomb filled with jewels
- Ramses 2- Ramses ruled in 1279 BC and was a leader of an army when he was only ten and he also expanded Egypt very much.
Alexander the Great
The Rosetta Stone
The Rosetta Stone was created in 196 BC by some priests, but it still wasn't found until 1799. A group of soldiers were fixing a fort in Egypt, when they came across this stone, but they had no idea how much it will effect how we look at Egypt today. The Rosetta Stone helped historians understand Egypt and their culture better and it is now in a museum in London.
Ancient Egypt Religion
Another important part of Ancient Egyptian religion is, they believed that every person had a "Ka" which they believed was an "invisible twin" that followed them. The Ka would protect the person it belonged to. This might seem unusual to us but to the Egyptians, it was just part of their religion.