Evidences for Evolution
Biogeography, Paleontology, Molecular Biologist, Anatomy
Palaentology
1. As fossils remain of marsupials in Antarctica are strongly supportive of evolution, given that Antarctica, South America, and Australia were once part of the same continent.
2. When examining the anatomy and biochemistry of living species, it appears that the general order of development for the major types of vertebrate animals was fish ->amphibians ->reptiles -> mammals.
3. Fossils evidence also documents that bats and birds wing arose independenty from walking forelimbs or different ancestors.
4. The skulls of human and a chimpanzee are formed but the fusion of many bones and both match almost perfectly. Therefore the genes involved in the development of both skulls were inherited from a common ancestor.
Molecular Biologist
1. The universality of Cytochrome C is evidence that all aerobic organisms probably descended from a common ancestor that used this compound for respiration.
2. Cytochrome C and blood proteins, are so complex it is unlikely that almost identical compound would have evolved independently in widely different organisms.
3. Scientists have similarly compared the biochemistry of universal blood protein. Their studies reveal evidence of degrees of relatedness between different species.
Website: http://bioweb.cs.earlham.edu/9-12/evolution/HTML/live.htm
Anatomy
1) Structures that are embryologically similar, but have different functions, are called homologus structures.
2) Organisms that share similar morphologies or DNA sequences are likely to be more closely related than organisms without such similarities.
3) Both birds and bats have adaptions that allow them to fly. However, a close examination of a bat's wing shows a greater similarity to a cats forelimb that to a birds wing.
Biogeography
1) In Hawaii there is a species of bird called the Hawaiian honeycreeper. They all have similarities in skeletal and muscle structure that indicate they are closely related. Scientist suggest that all 23 honeycreeper species apparently arose from a single species that migrated to Hawaii.
2) Death Valley was once submerged in water, but it diluted and how there are many ponds. And the ponds in Death Valley have different fish from different places around the world.
3) The absence of some species from environments that would suit them, and closer relationships between species that are geographically near each other than between species that inhabit similar environments.