Decolonization Smore
BY: Rachel Kelly, McKenzie Fuller and Whitleigh Simmons
The Indian Subcontinent
-The movement did not gain strength until hundreds of innocent Indians were killed.
-An important leader, Mohandas Gandhi, used peaceful protests to act against the British, and inspired many Indians to band together and fight colonial rule.
-Although many people worked well together, extreme Hindus and Muslims tried to fight the peace because they disagreed with each other's religious beliefs.
Independence Won: Nations Two
-Some people believed that India should be united as one, where everyone could be peaceful together, while others thought that Hindus and Muslims should live in separate countries.
-India eventually broke into two, the Hindu India, and the Muslim Pakistan.
-Many people were killed as the two nations tried to separate citizens into their respective religious beliefs.
-The two nations still have dangerous arguments over what land belongs to which.
Africa
-After WWII, many Africans started to fight for freedom of their countries from Europe.
-South Africa was a colony of Britain, though it had it's own constitution and ruled itself for the most part.
-Under their constitution, only white South Africans had the ability to vote, and people native to Africa had less rights.
-To make sure they were represented, and to battle control, educated South Africans created the African National Congress.
-In the 1950s, leaders like Gamal Nasser helped add strength to to the African independence movement, and many nations ended up with freedom.
-Other places had difficult times getting out of European control.
-Basic human needs were left unmet, for example, far spread illiteracy.
-While many Africans were able to fight off European control, they were swept up in the Cold War afterwards.
-Modern African nations are a part of the Organization of African Unity, although they do not have certain safety.
The Jewish Wait for a State Ends in 1948
-The United Nations formed two Palestine's, one for Jews and one for Muslims.
-Created an Arab-Israeli War.
-Six Year War ended in a victory for Israelis who took over many areas.
-New violence between Palestinians and Israeli forces because of suicide bombing.
-Other countries in the world made a "Roadmap to Peace" which listed goals for the countries in that region.
-Hamas were supportive of terrorist attacks.
-Israel's border with Lebanon and Syria was a major target.
The Iranian Revolution: The Shah Gets Shooed
-Reza Shah Pahlavi comes into power in Iran.
-Best was to beat Westernizers was to join them.
-Iran finally could not stand Westernization, they went back to their old traditions.
-Iraq came into Iran because of border fights.
-Iran starts creating nuclear technologies.
Oil: Enormous Amounts of Goo
-Middle East is over flowing with oil, which helps bring in money for the countries.
-OPEC organized how they would sell and distribute the oil.