Winds
Billy Wieland
General Information
Wind is air in motion. It is produced by the uneven heating of the earth’s surface by the sun. Since the earth’s surface is made of various land and water formations, it absorbs the sun’s radiation unevenly. Two factors are necessary to specify wind: speed and direction.
Local Winds
a local wind is the wind that blows on the ocean coast. During the day, the land heats up faster than the ocean. This causes a "sea breeze" that blows from the ocean into the land. During the night, the land will cool down faster than the ocean and the opposite will occur. Warm air over the water will rise and cool air from the land, called a "land breeze", will blow out to the ocean.
Some of the winds are...
The Trade Winds
a wind blowing steadily toward the equator from the northeast in the northern hemisphere or the southeast in the southern hemisphere, especially at sea. Two belts of trade winds encircle the earth, blowing from the tropical high-pressure belts to the low-pressure zone at the equator.
The Jet Streams
a narrow, variable band of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth. There are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres.
The Prevailing Westerlies
Between thirty and sixty degrees latitude, the winds that move toward the poles appear to curve to the east. Because winds are named from the direction in which they originate, these winds are called prevailing westerlies. Prevailing westerlies in the Northern Hemisphere are responsible for many of the weather movements across the United States and Canada.
One other wind is...
The Doldrums
The doldrums is an area of calm weather. The trade winds coming from the south and the north meet near the equator. These converging trade winds produce general upward winds as they are heated, so there are no steady surface winds.
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