Pancreatitis

By: Maria Madrigal , Ayanna Fields

Description

Description

Inflammation of the pancreas. Can occur when pancreatic enzymes (especially trypsin) that digest food are activated in the pancreas instead of the small intestines.
Causes

Causes

  • 80% of cases are caused by alcohol or gallstones
  • Some medications like corticosteroids
  • Trauma
  • Mumps
  • Autoimmune disease
  • High blood calcium
  • Hypothermia
  • Vasculitis

Signs/ Symptoms

  • Severe upper abdominal or left upper quadrant burning pain
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting (worsened with eating)
  • Abdomen usually tender
  • Bowel sounds may be reduced from reflex bowel paralysis.
  • Fever or jaundice may be present
  • May lead to diabetes or pancreatic cancer
  • Unexplained weight loss
Big image

Diagnosis

  • Characteristics abdominal pain
  • Blood amylase or lipase will be 4-6 times higher than normal variations
  • Abdominal ultrasound
  • Characteristics CT scan

Treatment

Depends on severity
  • Morphine(suitable for pain)
  • No eating until inflammation has been resolved(only feeding tubes)
  • Fluids
  • Oxygen through tubes
  • treat underlying causes

Prognosis

If underlying cause is treated the pancreas returns to normal state with no long term effects.
If not treated can be left with these chronic illnesses or even die to complications like: kidney failure, breathing difficulties, diabetes, and brain damage.

References

  • Banks PA, Freeman ML (2006). "Practice guidelines in acute pancreatitis". Am J Gastroenterol 101 (2379–400): 2379–400. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00856.x. PMID 17032204

  • NIDDK (July 2008). "Pancreatitis". National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 08–1596.