Ovarian Cancer
By: Jonathan, Frances, Samantha
Basic Information
What is Ovarian Cancer?
Frances
Who this affects
Age: Most epithelial ovarian cancers occurs after menopause, which is considered to have occurred when a woman goes without a menstrual period for one year. This occurs at age 51 on average and half of the ovarian cancer victims are found in women over the age of 60.
Reproductive History: Starting menstruation at an early age (before 12), not having children, or having a first child after age 30, and experiencing menopause after age 50 will increase the chances of having ovarian cancer.
Other: If one individual had a history of breast cancer, the chances of ovarian cancer also increases. Long-term use of fertility drug will also increase a woman's risk of developing borderline EOC. Talcum powder applied to the genital area or on sanitary napkins will also increase the chances of ovarian cancer. Although this link is not well documented, there is still a chance of cancer (Taking Charge: Who Gets ovarian Cancer?).
Frances
Symptoms
- Bloating
- Pelvic Pain
- Abdominal Pain
- Being full quickly
- Trouble eating
- Urinary problems
Other symptoms may be caused by other conditions, and most of the following conditions occur often in women who do not have ovarian cancer. Other symptoms of ovarian cancer include:
- Fatigue
- Upset stomach
- Back Pain
- Constipation
- Abdominal swelling with weight loss (Signs and Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer)
Frances
Stages
Stage 1: The growth of the cancer is limited to the ovaries or ovary.
Stage 1A: Growth is limited to one ovary and the tumor is inside the ovary. There is no cancer on the outer surface.
Stage 1B: Growth is limited to both ovaries without any tumor on the outside surface.
Stage 1C: The tumor is either classified as Stage 1A or stage 1B and one or more of the following is present: (1) tumor is present on the outer surface on one or both ovaries; (2) the capsule has ruptured; and (3) there are ascites containing containing malignant cells.
Stage 2: The growth of the cancer involves one or both ovaries with pelvic extension.
Stage 2A: The cancer has invaded or involves the uterus or the fallopian tubes, or both.
Stage 2B: The cancer has spread to other pelvic organs.
Stage 2C: The tumor is either classified as Stage 2A or 2B and one or more of the following is present: (1) the tumor is present on the outer surface of one or both ovaries; (2) the capsule has ruptured; and (3) there are ascites containing malignant cells
Stage 3: The growth of the cancer involves on or both ovaries, and one or both of the following is present: (1) the cancer has spread beyond the pelvis to the lining of the abdomen; and (2) the cancer has spread to lymph nodes.
Stage 3A: A practitioner can see cancer involving one or both of the ovaries, but no cancer is visible in the abdomen and it has not spread to lumph nodes. When biopsies are checked underneath a microscope, smal deposits of cancer are found in the abdominal peritoneal surfaces.
Stage 3B: The tumor is in one or both ovaries and the deposits of cancer are present in the abdomen that is less than 2 centimeters, but large enough for the surgeon to see.
Stage 3C: the tumor is in one or both ovaries, and one or both of the following is present: (1) the cancer has spread to lymph nodes; and/or (2) the deposits of cancer is well over 2cm in diameter and found in the abdomen.
Stage 4: growth of the cancer involves one or both ovaries and the cancer spreads to organs located outside of the peritoneal cavity. Finding ovarian cancer cells in pleural fluid is also evidence of stage 4 disease (Menu).
Frances
History
Frances
Research
Jonathan
Genetics
Jonathan
Treatment
Chemotherapy & Surgery
Cost
Ovarian Cancer Treatment is usually covered by health insurance. The treatment includes a doctor visit, lab and prescription drug and coinsurance of 10%-50% for surgery and other procedures.
A Hysterectomy, a complete removal of the uterus, will cost $10,000- $20,000 (not including doctor fees which are a couple thousand dollars) if the patient doesn't have health insurance.
Chemotherapy costs around $6,000-$16,000 per cycle and usually people with ovarian cancer go through 2 to 6 cycles or more depending on the stage of the cancer. (Ovarian Cancer Treatment Cost).
Samantha
Charity
Jonathon's Bibliography
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"Ovarian Cancer - Latest Research." Cancer.Net. N.p., 25 June 2012. Web. 17 Nov. 2015.
"What`s New in Ovarian Cancer Research and Treatment?" What's New in Ovarian Cancer Research and Treatment? N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2015.
Frances' Bibliography
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Samantha's Bibliography
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Discussion Questions
Do you know anyone else that was affected by this cancer?
Looking at the smore, what color represents ovarian cancer?
Who is at risk for ovarian cancer?
What two genes affect ovarian cancer?