Behind the Cell cycle
BY: Sydre Williams, Angel Tillis
interphase
- cells spend 90% of their time in this phase.
divided into 3 separate phases
1. G1- growth one phase- cell growth
2. S synthesis - DNA (makes copy)
3. G2- growth two phase - prepare for mitosis.
Mitosis- the processes in which two daughter cells are made
Prophase- chromatin condenses to form a chromosomes. The nuclear membrane fades from view. The spindle is formed.
metaphase- chromosomes line up in the middle
anaphase- centromeres divide and the chromosomes move toward their respective poles.
The sister chromatids are moving apart
telaphase- 2 new nuclei form chromosome. The cell is being divided. A new nuclear membrane is formed around the chromosomes.
cytokinesis- cytoplasm separates into 2 new cells.
Passive Transport
requires no energy
diffusion (spread) of molecules across the membrane.
active transport
required energy
movement of molecules across the membrane
osmosis
diffusion of water across cell membrane.
protein transport
protein pickup/ drop off molecules in/out the cell.
endocytosis
the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.
exocytosis
a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane.