The Sun
Brian Westbrook
The Sun!
The Sun's many layers
Some fun art of the Sun
Core, Radiative Zone, and Convective Zone
In the core, pretty much all of the sun's energy is produced. Imagine a super nuclear power plant that conducts nuclear fusion to turn hydrogen into helium.
In the radiative zone, the energy produced by the core is transported via radiation to the next layer - even though the energy is moving at the speed of light, it still takes a million years to make it through considering how many times it bounces.
In the convective zone, the temperatures are cooled enough for a sort of protective barrier to form - this barrier makes the fluid underneath convect, thereby producing the heat we get from the sun.
Pic and info from http://solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/interior.shtml
Photosphere
Pic and info from http://solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/surface.shtml
Chromosphere
Pic and info from http://solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/chromos.shtml
Corona
Pic and info from http://solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/corona.shtml
Sunspots
Pic and info from http://www.space.com/14736-sunspots-sun-spots-explained.html
Solar Prominence
Pic and info from http://spaceweather.com/glossary/filaments.html
Solar Flare
Pic and info from http://hesperia.gsfc.nasa.gov/sftheory/flare.htm
Aurora
Pic and info from http://earthsky.org/earth/what-causes-the-aurora-borealis-or-northern-lights