The Sun and its' Layers
By: Dana Page
The Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System and is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth.
Distance to Earth: 92,960,000 miles
Surface temperature: 5,778 K
Radius: 432,474 miles
Mass: 1.989E30 kg
Magnitude: -26.74
Orbits: Galactic Center
All the layers of the sun
- Core
- Radiative Zone
- Convective Zone
- Photosphere
- Chromospere
- Corona
The Sun can be divided into six layers. From the center out, the layers of the Sun are as follows: the solar interior composed of the core, the radiative zone, and the the convective zone, then there is the visible surface known as the photosphere, the chromosphere, and finally the outermost layer, the corona.
Core
solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/interior.shtml
Radiative Zone
Convective Zone
https://www.cora.nwra.com/~werne/eos/text/convection_zone.html
Photosphere
solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/surface.shtml
Chromospere
www.space.com/17160-sun-atmosphere.html
Corona
Sunspots
Prominence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_prominence
Flare
hesperia.gsfc.nasa.gov/sftheory/flare.htm
Aurora Part 1
Auroras are a sign that Sun and Earth are connected by more than sunlight. They indicate that something electric is happening in space. The Sun provides the energy for the aurora, but particles in the aurora come from Earth’s own neighborhood in space.The Sun’s energy is carried toward the Earth in the solar wind, a stream of electrically charged particles owing out from the Sun in all directions. As these particles approach Earth, they interact with our planet’s magnetic eld.
http://pwg.gsfc.nasa.gov/polar/EPO/auroral_poster/aurora_all.pdf
Part 2 of Aurora
This eld deects most of the particles, creating a huge cavity in the solar wind. This region stretches about 60,000 km (40,000 miles) toward the Sun and several hundred thousand kilometers in a long tail on the night side, away from the Sun. The typical aurora is caused by collisions between fast-moving electrons from space with the oxygen and nitrogen in Earth’s upper atmosphere.
https://www.nasa.gov/topics/shuttle_station/features/20110917-aurora.html