The Enlightenment period
----------
Social contract
The idea of the social contract is one of the foundations of the American political system. This is the belief that the state only exists to serve the will of the people, and they are the source of all political power enjoyed by the state. They can choose to give or withhold this power.
Laissez faire
is an economic environment in which transactions between private parties are free from government restrictions, tariffs, and subsidies, with only enough regulations to protect property rights
Separation of powers
Separation of powers, therefore, refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another. The intent is to prevent the concentration of power and provide for checks and balances.
Deism
John Locke
Art
The way that art changed during the Enlightenment is that it moved towards Neoclassical forms with more renovated ideas. Before arts were just plain large and elegant paintings that had fewer characteristics. The various paints that came along with this generation also incorporated many of the philosophies in their paintings.