Racial Stereotypes
By: Devin McCann and Kennedy Duffy
Racial Stereotypes from reconstruction and during the civil rights movement
Separation Between Blacks & Whites During Reconstruction
Separate Water Fountains/Bathrooms
Separate Military Polices
Separate Businesses
This is a video explaining segregation in the 1950's.(KD)
Disfranchisement of the Black During Reconstruction
Direct disenfranchisement occurred in the 1880-1965. Disenfranchisement refers to the actions to prevent people from voting or having their votes counted. The 15th Amendment was created in order to prohibit disenfranchisement because of race or enslavement. The southern states devised alternate techniques to disenfranchise blacks that will go around the 15th Amendment. The main forms of disenfranchisement were violence, fraud, and literacy tests.(2)(KD)
Violence
Fraud
Poll Taxes
Literary Tests
First literary test was in South Carolina, adopted in 1882. Voters put ballots for separate offices in separate boxes. If a ballot was placed in the wrong box it would be thrown out. In 1890 Southern states adopted the literacy tests for disenfranchise voters. This had a huge racial impact since 40-60% of blacks are illiterate, compared to 8-18% of whites. This was known as the “grandfather clause” which entitles voters who could not pass the test to not vote.(2)(KD)
This picture shows how when blacks had the ability to vote most blacks went toward Republicans. Once the disfranchisement started happening the votes went down dramatically.(KD)
Black Codes During Reconstruction
Jim Crow Laws during the Civil Rights Movement
Rules for Blacks under the Jim Crow Laws
- Never assert or even intimate that a white person is lying.
- Never impute dishonorable intentions to a white person.
- Never suggest that a white person is from an inferior class.
- Never lay claim to, or overly demonstrate, superior knowledge or intelligence.
- Never curse a white person.
- Never laugh derisively at a white person.
- Never comment upon the appearance of a white female.(5)(KD)
Malcolm X During the Civil Rights Movement
FUN FACT! DID YOU know that in 1964 Malcom X made a pilgrimage to mecca and changed his name to el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz?!(7) (DM)
Slavery and Segreation in 1860 Infographic 8, 9 (DM)
Graph of the total number of slaves in each state (DM)
Interview of Laura Smalley's Response to Enslavement (10)
Interviewee: Laura Smalley
Interviewer: John Henry Faulk
JHF: Well, did the slaves ever try a slip away, they ever try to run off?
LS: No. Not none on, not, not none on the place where we was. I never heard them say they run off over there. Run off. Other places I heared them stay in the woods, and ah, so long until they wear the clothes off them, slip up. Now I heard mama say when she was a girl, when she was a girl, you know, she, she, she because she brought from Mississippi, when she was a girl, they'd ah, they'd one old woman run off. She did run off. She did run off. They beat her so she run off-and every night she slip home and somebody have her something to eat. Something to eat. And she'd get that vittles and go on back in the woods. Go on back in the woods. And they would-you know just a, they'd tell her, the other, you know, because you see, I don't know what they name, 'See so and so? Ever see them? Say, 'No.' Well, you tell them if they come home we ain't going whup them. We ain't going whup them if they come home. Well, that be all the way know they'd come. Said once that a man stayed in the woods so long, until his hair long on them like a dog.
JHF: [laugh]
LS: On them. You know, just growed up, you know, and stayed in the woods. Just stayed in the woods.
Unidentified woman interviewer: Hmm.
LS: And they couldn't get them out.
JHF: Well, did any of them run off and get plum free, where they, did you ever hear of-
LS: I heard talk of them.
JHF: -- your mother talking about them?
LS: Heard them talking about they going off, you know. Going off to places where they free.??? what I heard her say, I didn't know that. She said just like see, be some white people, you know, with some nigga come along, you know, and he'd just get them off, you know. She take them, carry them off where he wouldn't be, tell them he wouldn't be no slave, or wouldn't be beat up, you know. And carry them off that a way.