The New Deal and Second New Deal
Kyveeon Young, Hr. 7
Franklin D. Roosevelt
He was an unknown governor and in July of 1932, he accepted the Democratic Party nomination for President. He wanted to change and help America so he came up with the New Deal: to relief, recovery, and reform.
Organizations and Corporations
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation- which insured bank deposits up $5,000.
- Securities and Exchange Commission- to regulate the stock market and make it a safer place for investments
- Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)- which sought to end overproduction and raise crop prices
- Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)- built a series of dams in the Tennessee River Valley to control floods and to generate electric power
- Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)- provided jobs for more than 2 million young men
- replanted forests
- built trails
- dug irrigation ditches
- fought fires
- The Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)- granted federal funds to state and local agencies to help unemployed
- Civil Works Administration (CWA)- provided jobs on public-works projects
- Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC)- loaned money at low interest rates to home-owners who could not meet mortgage payments
- The Federal Housing Administration (FHA)- insured bank loans used for building and repairing homes
- National Recovery Administration (NRA)- worked with business and labor leaders to develop codes of fair competition to govern whole industries
- Public Works Administration (PWA)- built bridges, dams, power plants, and government buildings
- New York City's Triborough Bridge Bridge
- Overseas Highway
- Bonneville Dam
The Second New Deal
The Second New Deal Purpose was to promote the general welfare and to intervene to protect citizens' rights.
Organizations and Corporations
- Work Progress Administration- Congress appropriated $5 billion for new jobs and created this. It built and improve highways, dredged rivers, harbors, and promoted soil and water conservation.
- Social Security Act- established unemployment insurance for workers who lost their jobs. Also created insurance for victims of work-related accidents, etc.
- Rural Electrification Administration (REA)- loaned money to electric utilities to build power lines and bringing electricity to isolated rural areas.
- Department of the Interior's Bonneville Power Administration (BPA)- hired folk singing Woody Guthrie for one month to write songs for a movie they had made promoting the benefits of electricity
- Wagner Act- gave workers the right to collective bargaining
- Collective bargaining- meant that employers had to negotiate with unions about hours, wages, and other working conditions
- National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)- look into workers' complaints
- Fair Labor Standards Act- established minimum wage, outlawed child labor
- American Federation of Labor (AFL)- represented skilled workers such as plumbers, carpenters, and electricians, who joined trade or craft unions
- Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)- they targeted workers who were lower paid and ethnically more diverse than those workers represented by the AFL
Successes and Failures of New Deal
Successes:
- Increased job production
- Less homelessness
- More black people in government
- Improved women influence
- Unemployment wasn't all the way solved
- Didn't end the Depression
Successes and Failures of Second New Deal
Successes:
- Social Security Act
- 80% of farmers had electricity
- Medicare and medicaid gave health insurance for Americans
Failures:
- Federal deficit grew from 461 million- 4.4 billion
- FDR caused a recession
- Too much money spent
Relates to KC because...
- Mural painted on buildings
- Now teenagers can work for a reasonable amount of money
- Government jobs (PWA)
- Low food prices (AAA)
- Conservation projects