Exam Study Guide
TEST #1
IPS Lab Safety Notes
For Every Lab
- goggles must be kept OVER YOUR EYES until Mr. Leeds says to put them away **even if you are already finished and cleaned up**
- report ALL accidents/spills to Mr. Leeds immediately
- try your best to use common sense
In Case of Emergency
- Nurse: ext: 2828
Safety equipment in classroom
- fire extinguisher
- fire blanket
- eye wash/shower
Chemicals
- never taste chemicals
- Always WAFT liquids to detect odor
- NEVER WAFT SOLIDS/POWDERS!
- avoid touching chemicals
- always wash hands with soap and water after lab
- if chemicals touch skin: flush skin with water for 1 minute AND notify Mr. Leeds
Glass
- hot glass and cold glass look the same
- never use chipped or broken glass -tell Mr. Leeds and dispose of broken glass in proper trash
- never use force to remove or insert glass
Alcohol Burners
- roll up sleeves, put UP long hair, NOT just pull back (or you cannot do lab)
- never walk away from a lit burner
- never point the open end of a hot test tube at yourself or someone else
- do not look down into a test tube/beaker while it is being heated
- make sure burner is sapped and flame is out when done
End of Experiment
- CLEAN-UP AREA & MATERIALS COMPLETELY!!!! (Or you LOSE points)
- make certain that burner is out of one was used
- keep goggles on (over eyes) until Mr. Leeds says to put them away
Volume Notes
unit of measurement= cm3 (cubic centimeters)
volume= LxWxH
standard unit of length=meter (m)
1 centimeter (1cm)= 0.01m
100
100cm= 1m
Volume of Liquids
-use a graduated cylinder to measure volume
*Always check the intervals or scale
units= mil liters (mL) OR cm3
1mL=1cm3
-read from bottom of meniscus
Single Pan Balance Notes
- check that pan is clean and dry
- always "zero" balance before EACH massing
*push all riders to zero (left)
*use adjustment knob if needed
3. Never switch pan
4. Pick up balance by red bar only
5. don't zero balance when done
Lab: React in a Bag
A + liquid = hot (Exothermic Reaction= out/heat)
B + liquid = cold (Endothermic Reaction= takes it away)
A + B + liquid = gas
Red Liquid or Phenol Red
- used as a pH indicator
- below 7 turns yellow
- above 8 turns pink
Solid A
- calcium chloride (calcium + chlorine)
-mildly acidic
- hydrotropic: attracted to water (absorbs water)
USES:
- canned vegetables (keeps them from getting mushy)
- electrolyte in sport drinks
- flavored pickles
Solid B
- sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)
- hot acidic
USES:
- baking
- cat litter
- toothpaste
- laundry detergent
Phenol Red
Calcium Chloride
Baking Soda
Lab: Heating Baking Soda
Terms
control group: unheated test tube
experimental group: heated test tube
indicator: tea (showed you that that heated test tube wasn't baking soda)
variables: something you want to measure
independent variable: causes a change in the dependent variable
dependent variable: color of the tea
control factors:
- same type of tea
- same amount of baking soda
- same amount of tea
- same stirring time
- same size test tube
Box Questions
1. Why do you think baking soda is used in baking?
It releases gas when heated, which helps dough/batter to rise.
3. How many cubic centimeters of water are required to fill a graduated cylinder to the 500.0-mL mark?
50 cm3
4. rectangular box A has a greater volume than rectangular box B but the length of box A is less than the length of box B. How is this possible?
Box A has more space then box B.
5. Adding a stone to a graduated cylinder containing 25.0 cm3 of water raises the water level in the cylinder to the 32.0 cm3 mark. What is the volume of the stone?
7 cm3
6. a. how many 1 cm cubes will be needed to build a cube that measures 2 cm along each edge?
8 cubes
b. How many 1 cm cubes will be needed to build a cube that measures 3 cm along each edge?
27 cubes
c. what is te volume, in cubic centimeters, of each of the cubes in a and b?
8 cm3 + 27 cm3
7. One rectangular box is 30 cm long, 15 cm wind, and 10 cm deep. A second rectangular box is 25 cm long, 16 cm wide and 15 cm deep. Which box has the larger volume?
The second rectangular box
8. figure A shoes a cone-sharped graduate used for measuring the volume of liquids. Why are the divisions not equally spaced?
As the surface increases the depth decreases