SCUBA Project
by Natalie Russ
Gas Law's
- Boyle's Law: When the temperature is constant, the absolute pressure and the volume of the gas will always be increased and/or decreased at the same rate.
- Charles's Law: When gasses gain heat they start to expand.
- Dalton's Law: when non-reacting gases mix, the pressure taken out is equal to the pressures of all of the gases.
- Gay-Lussac's Law: When pressures are low and the density of a gas at constant pressure it will very on the absolute.
- Henry's Law: when the temperature stays the same the gas's given type and volume of liquid is the same as the pressure of that gas when it is in equilibrium with that certain liquid.
The Bends
- How do you get it? by the formation of bubbles of gas that that are created with changes in pressure during scuba diving.
- The dangers: could lead to coma or death
- Side effects: Fatigue, rashes, itching, the chokes, pain, lymph nodes, and staggers
- How to treat it: The bends are treated in a "hyperbaric recompression" chamber
- Gas Law: As the pressure increases, the diver's bloodstream's ability to dissolve increases. Henry's law says that the solubility of a gas increases when the pressure increases.
Air embolisms
- How do you get it? When a single or multiple air bubbles enters and blocks a vein or an artery.
- The dangers: Can lead to death in extreme cases.
- Side effects: Chest pain, heart failure, stroke, low blood pressure, and a change in the mental state.
- How to treat it: Stop where it's coming from and make sure it won't damage your body.
- Gas Law: For any gas at a constant temperature, the volume will depend on the absolute pressure, where density will also depend on the absolute pressure, therefore relating the air embolism's this to Boyle's law.
Oxygen Toxicity
- How do you get it? Exposure to oxygen at a high pressure.
- The dangers: Can die from lack of oxygen.
- Side effects: Chest pains, irritation, difficulty breathing, can lead to death if not treated in time.
- How to treat it: Bring diver to the surface and the reduction of pressure will become and make the diver better.
- Gas Law: Henry's law contributes to this because the body tissue absorbs nitrogen faster as they go up to the surface.
Sources
- https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/boyle.html
- http://www.chm.davidson.edu/vce/gaslaws/charleslaw.html
- http://www.chemteam.info/GasLaw/Gas-Gay-Lussac.html
- http://www.emedicinehealth.com/decompression_syndromes_the_bends/page5_em.htm
- http://www.healthline.com/health/air-embolism#Diagnosis4
- http://www.diverite.com/articles/oxygen-toxicity-signs-and-symptoms/
Gas Laws: Scuba Diving Necessity