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Carson Anne's atom presentation
Periodic Table Information
- A period on the periodic table is the row of the elements going across the periodic table horizontally.
- A group on the periodic table is the column of elements going vetically.
- The atomic number is the number of protons and electrons found inside the atom and can be found on top of the symbol of one of the elements found in the table.
- The name of the element is determind by the number of protons/electrons and can be found inside the bottom of the square.
- The symbols inside the periodic tabel is the abbreviations for the elements name. It can be found in the middle of the square in bold letters.
- The atomic mass is the mass of the chemical measured in amu's. It can be found below the symbol for that element.
Proton
- Protons have a positive charge
- Protons are located in the center of the atom in the nucleus mixed in with the nuetrons
- Protons mass is located at the top of the element sqaure. The atomic number located above the symbol is the mass of the protons in the atom. Protons mass is measured in amu's
- One proton is one amu
Nuetrons
- Nuetrons have a nuetral charge meaning they have no charge
- Nuetrons are located center of the atom in the nucleus along with protons.
- To determine the nuetrons mass in the atom you have to first round the atomic mass. Once you have done that, you find the atomic mass. Next, You take the rounded atomic mass and the atomic number and subtract the two to get the mass of the nuetrons.
- Each Nuetron is one amu
Electrons
- Electrons have a negative charge
- Electrons are located on the orbitals ( or electron clouds ) around the nucleus of an atom
Valence Electrons
- Valence Electrons are located on the outer most orbitals of an atom
- Valance Electrons' role in an atom is to form the chemical bonds and give the element its properties
- Up to two electrons can fit on the first orbital then up to eight and the rest of the orbitals can have up to eight electrons
- To determine the number of valance electrons you take the number of electrons ( which can be determined by looking at the atomic number, located above the symbol on an element square, and that is the number of electrons ) and place them on orbitals. The number of electrons on the outer most orbital are the valance electrons
- Valence electrons are located n the outer most orbital
Calculating P, E, N
P = the number of protons
E = the number of electrons
N = the number of neutrons
To calculate the number of protons you just simply look at the atomic number located above the symbol and that is the number of protons.
The same goes with electrons. The number of electrons is the atomic number.
To calculate the number of neutrons you have to round the atomic mass ( founded at the bottom of the square right below the name of the element ) and then subtract by the atomic mass.