Political Parties through FDR
Federalists
- 1786-1814 (the Hartford Convention)
- Washington, Hamilton, Madison, King
- national bank
- lose interpretation of constitution
- wealthy north-eastern supporters
Democratic Republicans
- 1790-1824 (when supporter of Jackson= democrats and adams supporters= national republicans)
- Madison, Jefferson, Jackson, Quincy Adams
- anti-central government
- pro states' rights
National Republicans
- 1824-1832
- John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay
- strong central government
- pro internal improvements
- promote commerce
Democratic
- 1824-?
- Jackson, Van Buren, Buchanan, Cleveland, Jennings Bryan, Wilson, FDR
- small government
- pro states' rights
- anti national bank
- main party in south (after civil war)
- supported by farmers, Catholics, immigrants, workers
- opposed to Prohibition
- main party in south
- supported by immigrant groups in cities who were pro-labor
- because of southern influence, pro-economically conservative policies
Anti-Masonic
- 1832
- William Wirt, Henry Harrison
- Jackson opposers in the North East formed this party
- feared freemasons in government
- held the first presidential convention in the US
- only nominated one candidate over the lifetime of the party
Whigs
- 1832-1854(when morphed into Republicans with Free Soil and some into Know-Nothing (American) over the issue of slavery)
- Henry Harrison, Webster, Clay, Taylor, Scott
- strong congress and weak president
- supported a tariff on manufactured goods
- supported banks and internal improvements
- many whigs were conservative Protestants and wealthy white men
Liberty
- 1840-1848(it morphed into the free soil party)
- James Blemey
- advocated the abolition of slavery
- set a precedent for anti-slavery efforts
Free Soil
- 1848-1854(when morphed into Republicans with Whigs)
- Van Buren
- opposed expansion of slavery into western territories
- ran with the slogan "Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor and Free Man"
Know-Nothing (AKA American)
- 1844-1856 (renamed American Party in 1850)
- Fillmore
- opposed to immigration of Catholics
- Nominated Fillmore for president with some Whig support
- Broke into Constitutional Union with Free-Soilers and others joined Republican Party after Fillmore's failed attempt at presidency
Constitutional Union
- 1860
- John Bell
- keep the union as it was
- made up of remaining Whigs and Know-Nothings
Republican
- 1854-?
- Fremont, Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft
Platform 1854-1896
- very similar to Whig platform
- pro-industry, urban growth, education, homesteads created from western lands
- nationalism!
- supported Prohibition
Platform 1896-1932
- pro-buisiness conservatives after WW1
- nationalism!
- pro- Prohibition
- supported by women after passing of 19th amendment
- dominant party in 1920s after Wilson's unagreeable international policies
Greenback
- 1875-1884
- James Weaver
- supported paper money
- advocated an income tax
- pro- eight hour workday
- pro- women's suffrage
Populist
- 1890-1900
- James Weaver
- opposed to gold standard
- stronger government
- joined democratic party in 1900 when W. Jennings Bryan and democrats supported their causes
Prohibition
- 1884-1920
- the banning of alcoholic drinks
- ties to the anti-saloon league
- advocates for 18th amendment
Socialist
- 1901-1932
- Eugene V. Debs, Daniel De Leon
- supporters included:progressive social reformers, populist farmers, and immigrants
- localized government
Progressive
- 1908- 1912 and 1924
- Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette
- some republicans wee unhappy with Taft and his business alignment so Progressive party was formed
- It was revived in 1924 because La Follette broke from republicans
- Roosevelt ran in 1912 and Robert La Follette in 1924
- in 1924, La Follette was supported by the socialist party as a progressive candidate