Magic Book
Name: Jaquaivia Wright
Causes Of The Civil War
Secession
secession, as it applies to the outbreak of the American Civil War, comprises the series of events that began on December 20, 1860, and extended through June 8 of the next year when eleven states in the Lower and Upper South severed their ties with the Union. The first seven seceding states of the Lower South set up a provisional government at Montgomery, Alabama. After hostilities began at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor on April 12, 1861, the border states of Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina joined the new government, which then moved its capital to Richmond, Virginia. The Union was divided approximately on geographic lines. Border states retained the style and title of the United States.States Rights
The Appeal to states rights is one of the most important symbols of the american civil war. But confusion abounds as to the historical and present meaning of this federalist principle.
Selection Of Lincoln
This was a cause because southern states seceded because he thought that there should not be slavery in the west.
Social Structure
This cause was very important because it was based on land and slaves. It Was impossible to move from one group to another group. Good planters was at the top and blacks was at the bottom.
Slavery
Slavery was a cause because southern people thought that the abolition of slavery would destroy their economy, while the north people believed that slavery should be abolished in many ways.
Style
This was another cause because the use of military balloons, rifles, and fortified entrenchments contributes to kill many mens, this became a problem.
Social structure
Characteristics Of The North
- Cities was centers of wealth and manufacting.
- They had an bigger army than the south.
- They had better equipment and supplies.
- They had more money than the south.
- The economy was based on factories, business, and bigger cities.
Characteristics of the south
- More people became farmers.
- The economy was based on the slaves that picked cotton.
- They believed that the states had the rights to rule themselves.
- They favored low tariffs because they bought so many goods from other countries.
- More money came from plantation crops.
Wartime Strategies
North- The north tried to prevent southerners from getting the goods they needed during the war. They shut down the ports along the atlantic and gulf of mexico to prevent the south from shipping their cotton to europe.
South- The south plan was to weaken the northern army but they didnt do that. europe got their cotton from india and egypt.
Major battles Of The War
FORT SUMTER:The Battle of Fort Sumter (April 12–14, 1861) was the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter, near Charleston, South Carolina, that started the American Civil War. Following declarations of secession by seven Southern states, South Carolina demanded that the US Army abandon its facilities in Charleston Harbor.
ANTIETAM:The Army of the Potomac, under the command of George McClellan, mounted a series of powerful assaults against Robert E. Lee’s forces near Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862. The morning assault and vicious Confederate counterattacks swept back and forth through Miller’s Cornfield and the West Woods. Later, towards the center of the battlefield, Union assaults against the Sunken Road pierced the Confederate center after a terrible struggle. Late in the day, the third and final major assault by the Union army pushed over a bullet-strewn stone bridge at Antietam Creek. Just as the Federal forces began to collapse the Confederate right, the timely arrival of A.P. Hill’s division from Harpers Ferry helped to drive the Army of the Potomac back once more. The bloodiest single day in American military history ended in a draw, but the Confederate retreat gave Abraham Lincoln the “victory” he desired before issuing the Emancipation Proclamation.
GETTYSBURG:Having concentrated his army around the small town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, Gen. Robert E. Lee awaited the approach of Union Gen. George G. Meade’s forces. On July 1, early Union success faltered as Confederates pushed back against the Iron Brigade and exploited a weak Federal line at Barlow’s Knoll. The following day saw Lee strike the Union flanks, leading to heavy battle at Devil's Den, Little Round Top, the Wheatfield, Peach Orchard, Culp’s Hill and East Cemetery Hill. Southerners captured Devil’s Den and the Peach Orchard, but ultimately failed to dislodge the Union defenders. On the final day, July 3rd, fighting raged at Culp’s Hill with the Union regaining its lost ground. After being cut down by a massive artillery bombardment in the afternoon, Lee attacked the Union center on Cemetery Ridge and was repulsed in what is now known as Pickett’s Charge. Lee's second invasion of the North had failed, and had resulted in heavy casualties; an estimated 51,000 soldiers were killed, wounded, captured, or listed as missing after Gettysburg.
The War In Georgia
BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA:The Battle of Chickamauga, fought September 19–20, 1863, marked the end of a Union offensive in southeastern Tennessee and northwestern Georgia called the Chickamauga Campaign.
MARCH TO THE SEA:From November 15 until December 21, 1864, Union General William T. Sherman led some 60,000 soldiers on a 285-mile march from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia. The purpose of this “March to the Sea” was to frighten Georgia’s civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. Sherman’s soldiers did not destroy any of the towns in their path, but they stole food and livestock and burned the houses and barns of people who tried to fight back. The Yankees were “not only fighting hostile armies, but a hostile people,” Sherman explained; as a result, they needed to “make old and young, rich and poor, feel the hard hand of war.”
Civil War Prison
ANDERSONVILLE:The Andersonville National Historic Site, located near Andersonville, Georgia, preserves the former Camp Sumter (also known asAndersonville Prison), a Confederate prisoner-of-war camp during the American Civil War. Most of the site lies in southwesternMacon County, adjacent to the east side of the town of Andersonville.
Final Battles of the civil war
APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE:The Battle of Appomattox Court House, fought on the morning of April 9, 1865, was one of the last battles of the American Civil War