POTASSIUM
Its in bannanas
Overview
Sir Humphry Davy first isolated metallic potassium in 1807. He extracted it from caustic potash by using electrolysis.[1]
Nuclide notation
Lewis Dot Structure
Hyphen Notation
Alkali Metals Group
Common properties and trends:
- 1 valence electron
- Never found as a free element
- Least dense metals on the periodic table
- High electrical conductivity[3]
- Increasing reactivity down group[4]
- Decreasing electronegativity down group
Reactions
Potassium Chloride
Synthesis
Potassium Chlorate
2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2
Lead Nitrate Potassium Chloride
Double Replacement
Pb(NO3)2 + 2KCl → 2KNO3 + PbCl2Reaction With water
2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H2. 2 Potassium (K) atoms react with 2 water (H2O) molecules to form 2 Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) molecules and 1 molecule of Hydrogen (H) gas, releasing energy in the process. This is an example of a single replacement reaction.
Potassium Chloride
Composition:
- 52.45% Potassium
- 47.55% Chlorine
Specific Heat
Uses
A compound containing Potassium, Potassium Chloride, is used for a variety of purposes from replenishing electrolytes[6] to causing cardiac arrest in lethal injections.
Acrostic Poem
Sources
Processing, Applications. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2004. Wikipedia. Web.
[2] "Periodic Table: Trends." Www.rsc.org. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015.
Web. 14 Dec. 2015.
[3] Greenwood, N. N., and A. Earnshaw. Chemistry of the Elements, Second
Edition. N.p.: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997. Wikipedia. Web. 14 Dec. 2015.
[4] "Reactions of Alkali Metals." BBC News. BBC, 2014. Web. 14 Dec. 2015.
[5] Clark, Jim. "Reactions of the Group 1 Elements with Water." Reactions of the
Group 1 Elements with Water. N.p., Feb. 2015. Web. 14 Dec. 2015.
[6] Garth, David. "Hypokalemia in Emergency Medicine Treatment & Management." Hypokalemia in Emergency Medicine Treatment & Management: Prehospital Care, Emergency Department Care, Consultations. Medscape, 30 Oct. 2015. Web. 14 Dec. 2015.