Unit 5 Injuries In Sport!
Injuries and Illnesses
The causes of injuries
There are many differen causes of injuries in sport such as, extinsic factors these ae factors that happen outside of the body either by another person making contact or an object making contact with you. For example in football when some makes a tackle and the peson breaks a bone or gets a fracure due to this is called an extinsic factor.
Alignment can be another factor with could cause breaks, strains, fractures and can be pretty nasty, many people injure themselves in spots due to their body bein in an awkward shape that it's no ment to be in; and the body jus can't take the pressue any longer and usually breaks.
An intinsic fractor is something that happens inside the body like a break, for example if you have already broke your leg once before than you are moe likely to break you leg again.
Overuse can also be another factor in sport because athletes overuse their joints to much a therefore this can lead to tendonists, dislocation and shin splints in many athletes this is just due to wear and tire.
Effects of levers, weight lifters can damge their levers by putting to much weight (load) in their hands and their arm can take it anymore so therefore the levers in your arm snap.
This is called a closed fracture where it does not go through the skin. This is caused by an extrinsic factor.
This is called an open fracture where it does go through the skin. This is caused by an extinsic factor.
This is concussion and how it happens. This is caused by a extinsic factor.
Injury Types
Overuse can also be another factor in sport because athletes overuse their joints to much a therefore this can lead to tendonists, dislocation and shin splints in many athletes this is just due to wear and tire.
Grazes these happen outside of the body these are where you scrape part of the skin, it is a break in the surface of the skin and cause little or no bleeding. Many people in sport who play on atroturfs get grazes.
Blisters are caused by friction of the skin when something is rubbed against it for example shoes. Athletes such as rower have many blisters on their hands due to friction.
Concussion is the sudden but short-lived loss of mental function that occurs after a blow or other injuries to the head. Concussion is the mos common but least seious type of brain injury. When people clash their heads in sport can lead to concussion this mainly happens in full contact sports.
Causes of spinal injuries:
Traumatic injury to the face, neck, head, chest
Extreme twisting of the middle of the body
Landing on the head during a sports injury e.g. rugby
Fall from a great height such as rock climbing
This is a class three lever.
This is called a strain.
This is buising in sport.
Various causes of injury!
They are many different causes of injury and can either be caused by extrinsic factors or intrinsic factors. An extrinsic factor is something or someone outside the body causes the injury for example a player on the field can cause an injury or the ball could cause an injury these are called an extrinsic factor because it happens outside of your body. An intrinsic factor is an injury that happens inside of your body for example if you have already broke your finger, you are more likely to break that same finger again.
Four different types of injuries!
The four different types of injuries:
1) Sprains
2) Strains
3) Fractures
4) Bruising
What is a sprain? A sprain is a wrench or twist in the ligaments of (an ankle, wrist, or other joint) violently.What are the signs and symptons of a sprain? The signs and symptons of a sprain are pain, swelling, bruising at the time of the injury, you might feel or hear it pop in your joint, they will be limited ability to move on the affected joint. How is a sprain treated? Most mild to moderate sprains can be treated at home using self-care techniques for example painkillers which are used to ease the pain, resting is also a key factor of treating a sprian, ice and compression on the sprain. What are the main underlying causes of a sprain? The main causes of this type of injury are:
Slow down or accelerate suddenly
Fall and land awkwardly
Collide with an object
Change in direction suddendly
What is a strain? A strain is force (a part of the body) to make a strenuous or unusually great effort. What are the signs and symptons of strains? Swelling, pain, limited ability to move the affected muscle and also muscle spasms. How is a strain treated? Moderate to mild strains can often be treated at home using self-care, which is piankillers, resting, not injuring it anymore. What is the main underlying causes of a strain? The main underlying causes of a strain is:
What is a fracture? A fracture is when a bone becomes cracked or broken; this can happen to any bone in your body. What are the signs and symptons of a fracture?
Deformity of an arm or leg.
How are fractures treated? It depends on the type of fracture but they are usually treated by putting a plastercine pott on your fracture that will support the broken bone and will help keep it in the correct posistion so the bone will re-grow and fuse back together.
What is the main undelying cause of a fracture? A fracture is when a bone becomes cracked or broken; this can happen to any bone in your body. What are the signs and symptons of a fracture?
Deformity of an arm or leg.
How are fractures treated? It depends on the type of fracture but they are usually treated by putting a plastercine pott on your fracture that will support the broken bone and will help keep it in the correct posistion so the bone will re-grow and fuse back together.
What is the main undelying cause of a fracture?
Fall from a height
Direct blow on the bone
Repetitive force such as that caused by running
What is bruising? A bruise is when the skin turns purple, green,black ect they appear on the skin when tiny blood vessels, called capillaries, break or burst underneath. It then leaks into the soft tissues which is under the skin. Over time it begins to fade into a yellow, green colour.
What are the signs and symptoms of bruising? When there is sometimes swelling and is differen colour to the skin such as blue, purple, black ect.
How is bruising treated? You can reat bruises on your skin by limiing the bleeding and you can do this by cooling the area with a cold compress for example ice.
What is the main underlying cause of bruising? When an intinsic factor is forced agains the skin for example someone or something hitting you could easily cause a bruise.
This is internal bleeding called bruising.
This is called a strained muscle.
This is a sprain to the ankle.
Two different illnesses!
What is asthma? Asthma is a disease which affects the airways that carries oxygen to and from the lungs. People who suffer from this long-lasting disease are said to be asthmatic.Asthma is caused by inflammation of the airways. What are the signs and symptoms of asthma? The signs and symptoms of asthma are: cough, wheezing, and also breathlessness. The symptons can varie from person to person and therefore they are many other symptoms. How is asthma treated? There is no cure for astham however it can be eased by a number of treatments like medicine, changing your lifestyle identifying and then avoiding potential asthma triggers such as why it happens. Sports people with asthma should be very careul when training if they have got asthma because they can get shortness of breath very easily.
What is an heart attack?A heart attack is a very serious thing, it happens when the blood supply to the heart is all of a sudden blocked, it is usually caused by a blood clot. Lack of blood getting to the heat can seriously damage the heart muscle. What are the signs and sympoms of a heart attack? Chest pain when the chest can begin to feel like it is being squeezed or pressed by a heavy object and that pain can move to the jaw,back, neck and especially the left arm. Shortness and struggling o catch your breath is also another symptom, feeling very weak and ligtheaded also can be overwhelming feeling of anxiety. How is an heart attack treated? A heart attack is very seriously an should alway be treated as an medical emergency. It can be pevented with the drug astprin and has to be chewed this should help take blood back to the heart and around the body. Depending on how serious the heart attack is, they are two more different treatments which are:
Surgery to help restore blood to the heart.
A sport person should always be caution when it come to trainin if they have had an heart attack before.
Injuries and illnesses in sports!
There are many injuries and illnesses that are associated in sport such as sprians, strains, fractures, bruising theses are injuries however there are also illnesses that are associated in sport a couple of these are called asthma and heart attack.
Sprains can be assocaited in sport mainly by:
Slow down or accelerate suddenly- this could be assocaited in sport by slowing down or accelerating after someone or something e.g. a ball or a player this could cause a sprain to the athlete.
Fall and land awkwardly- this could be associated in sport rock climing and therefore they fall off the cliff face and land awkwarly or a footbal player going up for a header and then landing awkwardly on the way down this could easily cause a sprain.
Collide with an object- this could be assocaited in sport by either colliding with a player(s) or may be the ball or post this also could easily cause a sprain.
Change in direction suddendly- thsi could be assocaited in sport dodging player or an object in the way whilst palyer a game this could easily cause a sprain.
Strains could be easily be assocaited in any sport by:
Slow down or accelerate suddenly- this could be assocaited in sport by slowing down or accelerating after someone or something e.g. a ball or a player this could cause a sprain to the athlete.
Fall and land awkwardly- this could be associated in sport rock climing and therefore they fall off the cliff face and land awkwarly or a footbal player going up for a header and then landing awkwardly on the way down this could easily cause a sprain.
Collide with an object- this could be assocaited in sport by either colliding with a player(s) or may be the ball or post this also could easily cause a sprain.
Change in direction suddendly- thsi could be assocaited in sport dodging player or an object in the way whilst palyer a game this could easily cause a sprain.
A fracture could be easily caused in any sport by:
Fall from a height- this could be assocaited in sport by rock climing and fall off of the cliff face and landing awkwardly causing a fracture.
Direct blow on the bone- this could be caused by a athlete directing going for you.
Repetitive force such as that caused by running- this could be caused in sport by extensive training which could easily cause a frature.
Bruising can be caused in sport by:
When an intinsic factor is forced against the skin for example someone or something hitting you could easily cause a bruise. It can be caused by an extrinsic factor which is when something or someone hits against you and bruises apear on the skin.
Illnesses can also occur in sport the two illnesses that i am going to be focusing on are asthama and heart attacks.
Asthama can occur in a athlete when they have asthama it may happen because of their training or playing the sport and therefore they get shortness of breathe this is because the airways inflame and it becomes hard to inhale oxygen into the body which could cause a asthama attack. Many athletes should be careful when they have asthama because their glands enclose easily and therefore have an asthama attack. If a person suffers from asthama they would be more suttied to a throwing event because they are less likely to have a asthama attack doing this sport other than doing a running event etc. This could alter their training when it comes to someone that suffers with asthama because they have got to be careful because their glands could swell up and become hard for them to breathe. Atheletes that do suffer from asthama attacks should be careful and therefore they should take time out of their training and sport to take mediaction and rest while other athletes that are not prone to them should carry on. They should alway have some form of treatment near by when it comes to training and preforming the sport.
Heart attacks occur in sport when they are mainly training or doing a pysical activitie and this is because blood is pumping faster around the body to the working muscles and therefore there is more blood in the arterie however the blood cannnot pass through the arteries because of a blockage of fat and therefore this causes a heart attack. An athlete that has already suffered from a heart attack should always be careful and they would be more suited to a throwing event which is less pysical and therefore would be less likely to have another heart attack or have a heart attack. Atheletes that do suffer from heart attacks should be careful and therefore they should take time out of their training and sport to take mediaction and rest while other athletes that are not prone to them should carry on. They should alway have some form of treatment near by when it comes to training and preforming the sport.